水污染是目前环境污染的主要问题之一,"保护水资源、控制水污染"是大中城市可持续发展的必要条件之一。基于粗糙集(Rough Set,RS)的统计方法能够进行有效的数据分析,通过属性约简可以压缩数据并便于找到关键因子。论文利用上海地区1995—2006年的工业水污染数据,建立了粗糙集属性约简模型,考察工业生产中的各种因素对城市污水排放量的影响, 将19个属性因子缩减为3个主要因子,对简化后的因子与人口和经济发展做相关分析研究,提出大中城市的水污染防治的可行建议,有助于提高未来环境保护工作的效率。

Water pollution is one of the major environmental problems, "water resources protection, and pollution control" is necessary to ensure sustainable development of cities. The analysis of the existing environmental data is an important task to the environmental statistics. The rough set theory is an effective method for data analysis. The attribute reduction is a useful method, which can pack data, reduce the operation and raise the efficiency. This article established the roughset model and used it in processing the data of industrial pollution emissions from 1995 to 2006 in the area of Shanghai, and in inspecting the influence in the industrial production. At the same time, the author utilized the programming of Matlab to confirm the validity of the model and obtained the useful result. The correlation analysis shows the relationship between factors and population,economy. By the analysis of the decision rule in the future environmental data processing, we should take serious measures to control the industrial withdrawal of sulphur dioxide, reduce the amount of the coal, pay great attention to protect the environment while developing economy and making the economy continue the balanced development.