煤炭是我国最主要的一次能源,煤炭的闭合性流动反映了区域自身内部或区域之间能源经济的交互影响。利用0-1线性规划对我国8区域煤炭运输的物质流矩阵作了两个层级的分解,通过两个层级的子矩阵找出了我国1998—2007年最大两个层级的闭合性煤炭流动,并从时间和空间呈现的特征作了分析。研究结果显示:①无论是第一层级的闭合性煤炭流还是第二层级的闭合性煤炭流,短期内都没有发生大的变化,表明我国区域的资源格局以及用煤供给需求在短期内具有相对稳定性;②1998—2003年空间流动的界限分明,第一层级均为区域自身的内部流动,第二层级均为区域之间的闭合性流动。从2004年开始空间流动界限不再分明,根据第一层级的空间特征显示,我国最大的闭合性煤炭流不仅仅出现在区域内部,也出现在区域之间,表明区域与区域之间的能源经济联系有所加强。

Coal is one of the main primary energy sources in China. The regional coal transportation of closed loop in China reflects inter-or intra-regional interaction of energy economy. This paper uses 0-1 linear programming to decompose the matrices of coal transportation in eight regions of mainland China to two hierarchies sub-matrices. Based on which top-two hierarchies regional coal transportation of closed loop in China from 1998 to 2007 are figured out and the characteristics on both temporal and spatial changes are analyzed. The results show that: 1) regional coal transportation of closed loop has not changed greatly in short term, indicating that the pattern of China’s regional resources, as well as demand for coal supply in the short term are relatively stable; and 2) the spatial features of the coal transportation of closed loop are distinct in China’s eight regions from 1998 to 2003. They are all the inter-regional closed loop for the first hierarchy, and all the intra-regional closed loop for the second hierarchy, but the spatial features have no longer been clear since 2004. According to the results of the first hierarchical regional coal transportation of closed loop, the maximum of regional coal transportation of closed loop in China not only occur in the inter-region, but also in the intra-region, indicating that energy economic interaction among regions has been strengthened.