论文将研究的视点从关注资源禀赋与经济发展的关系,转向资源禀赋对资源利用效率的影响上,选取了中国大陆31个省(自治区、直辖市,未计算香港、澳门地区)2008年能源和水资源的面板数据,力图用统计模型来验证资源禀赋对资源利用效率存在负相关作用的假说,即资源越丰富的地区,对该种资源使用效率往往越低。研究发现:资源禀赋对资源利用效率存在显著的逆向影响,资源的"诅咒"效应不仅作用于区域经济发展上,也同样作用于资源利用效率上;然而,不同于经济诅咒,资源禀赋与资源利用效率之间的这种负相关关系在分散型资源上体现更加明显。对区域资源禀赋与资源利用效率之间影响关系与作用机制更深入的研究将为科学、高效的资源管理政策提供理论支持。
Resources utilization efficiency is very crucial to natural resource conservation and emission reduction, especially under the policy framework of energy saving and emission reduction nowadays in China. As a supplement to resource curse theory, a hypothesis was put forward with regard to regional resource endowment and resource utilization efficiency. Therefore, the panel data of energy and water resources of 31 provincial-level administrative regions in mainland China (not including Hong Kong and Macao due to no data) in 2008 was adopted to make statistical analysis to verify the negative effects of the regional resource endowment on resource utilization efficiency. The results showed that, there has been obvious negative effect between resources endowment and resources utilization efficiency, i.e., the resource efficiency is relatively lower in resources rich area and vice versa. It can be prudently concluded that, in addition to economic development, the curse effect is applied to resource utilization efficiency associated with resources endowment. In comparison with concentrated resources as mineral resources, dispersed resources as water is more sensitive in utilization efficiency affected by resources endowment, which is much in contrast to the curse associated with economic development. The results obtained in this analysis have much implication to policy making with regard to resources utilization efficiency.
[1] Singer H W. The distribution of trade between investing and borrowing countries [J]. American Economic Review, 1950, 56: 56-58.
[2] Matsuyama K. Agricultural productivity, comparative advantage, and economic growth [J]. Journal of Economic Growth, 1992(58): 317-334.
[3] Ross M. The political economy of the resource curse [J]. World Polities, 1999(51): 297-322.
[4] Auty R M. Sustaining Development in Mineral Economies: The Resource Curse Thesis[M]. London and New York, 1993.
[5] Barbier E B. The role of natural resources in economic development [J]. Australian Economic Papers, 2003, 42: 253-272.
[6] Papyrakis E, Gerlagh R. Resource abundance and economic growth in the United States [J]. European Economic Review, 2006, 51: 1011-1039.
[7] Bulte E H, Damania R, Deacon R T. Resource abundance, poverty and development . ESA Working Paper No.04-03,2004.
[8] 丁文广, 雷青, 于娟. 甘肃省耕地资源禀赋与贫困关系的量化研究[J]. 经济地理, 2006, 26(4): 636-638.
[9] 丁文广, 于娟, 卜红梅. 甘肃省能源资源禀赋与贫困关系的量化研究[J]. 经济地理, 2007, 27(6): 1025-1029.
[10] 李少星, 颜培霞. 自然资源禀赋与城市化水平关系的多尺度考察[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2007, 17(6): 44-49.
[11] 张晏, 龚六堂. 地区差距、要素流动与财政分权[J]. 经济研究, 2004(7): 59-69.
[12] Sachs J D, Warner A M. Natural resources abundance and economic growth . NBER Working Paper No.5398,1995.
[13] Gylfason. Natural resources, education and economic development [J]. European Economic Review, 2001(45): 847-859.
[14] 张菲菲, 刘刚, 沈镭. 中国区域经济与资源丰度相关性研究[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2007, 17(4): 19-24.
[15] 徐康宁, 韩剑. 中国区域经济的"资源诅咒"效应: 地区差距的另一种解释[J]. 经济学家, 2005(6): 96-102.
[16] 程鸿. 资源丰度和资源有效空间——中国农业资源丰度综合估算方法的探讨[J]. 自然资源学报, 1998, 13(1): 63-68.
[17] 冯利华. 资源丰度的定量计算[J]. 资源开发与市场, 2000, 16(2): 72-73.
[18] 陈芙蓉. 省际资源总丰度评价研究. 中国地质大学, 2008.
[19] 李世祥, 成金华, 吴巧生. 中国水资源利用效率区域差异分析[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2008, 18(3): 215-220.
[20] 张继歌. 回归分析中的异常点和影响点[J]. 统计研究, 1994(2): 43-45.
[21] 胡鞍钢, 王亚华, 过勇. 新的流域治理观: 从"控制"到"良治"[J]. 经济研究参考, 2002, 20: 34-44.
[22] 钱正英. 西北地区水资源配置、生态环境建设和可持续发展战略研究[J]. 中国水利A刊, 2003(5): 17-24.