铜是我国应用最为广泛的有色金属,研究铜资源利用和循环状态对我国经济可持续发展具有重要的战略意义。论文从铜的生产、加工制造、使用和废铜处理4个阶段详细阐述了铜循环的"STAF"物质流分析模型,并以此模型分析了2004年我国铜的流动状况和社会存量变化,得出结论: 1998~2004年,我国铜工业的PZ、PS、MZ和MS平均值分别为49.08%、25.98%、57.14%和21.45%,远低于欧洲发达国家水平。对比1994年与2004年我国铜物质流图可知,10年来我国铜循环的各阶段中所有流入量和流出量都有较大提高,废铜再资源化程度虽有提高,但较之快速增长的铜需求量仍显不足。因此在资源危机面前,加强政策引导与科研力度,大力提高一次铜的资源生产率和二次铜的再资源化效率是我国铜工业可持续发展的工作重点。
Since copper is the most widely used nonferrous metal in China, the research on the use and recycling of copper plays a strategic role in the sustainable development of economy. In this paper the copper flow was interpreted in the SFA model of "STAF" by the four stages such as production, manufacture & fabrication, use and waste management. The change in stock and substance flow of copper in China in 2004 was analyzed, and the result showed that from 1998 to 2004, the average of PZ, PS, MZ and MSwere 49.08%, 25.98%, 57.14% and 21.45%, respectively, being far below the level of European countries. It's revealed by the comparison of copper flows in China between 1994 and 2004, the copper inflows and outflows of every stage in China had all inreased, while the recycling rate of waste copper had a lower increase than the quickly growing demand of copper. Therefore, faced with the resource crisis, the key points of the sustainable development of copper industry in China are the intensification of policy guidance and technical research, and the increase of the resource production of primary resource and the recycling rate of secondary resource.
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