
石笋灰度和同位素对末次冰期气候事件的响应
王萌, 陈仕涛, 黄琬淳, 蔡雯沁, 龚清霖, 梁怡佳, 王先锋, 汪永进
自然资源学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (12) : 3064-3075.
石笋灰度和同位素对末次冰期气候事件的响应
The response of stalagmite gray-level and isotopes to the climatic events during the last glacial period
对石笋多指标的研究有利于全面理解季风气候事件的变化特征和机制。以湖北永兴洞YX55石笋为研究对象,通过高精度U/Th定年和多指标分析重建了65~35 ka B.P.石笋灰度和稳定同位素的变化序列。在65~40 ka B.P.时段,石笋灰度、δ13C与δ18O都呈现出数个千年至亚千年尺度的变化,但δ13C变化幅度比δ18O小得多。这说明灰度和δ13C这类代表局域气候的指标,都响应于δ18O指示的Heinrich(H)事件和Dansgaard-Oeschger(DO)旋回,但响应的程度各不相同。H4期间,石笋δ13C和灰度呈现不一致变化:δ13C不像在其他H事件一样小幅振荡,而是大幅正偏(相当于其他H事件2~3倍);灰度则显示出和DO旋回一致的特征。这种δ13C/灰度与δ18O异常响应关系可能的机制是:H4期间季风强度急剧减弱,使得洞穴上覆土壤覆盖率大幅降低,从而削弱或阻止了土壤—岩溶系统的过滤能力,使石笋中杂质含量异常增加。
The study of various proxies of stalagmites is conducive to understand the characteristics and mechanisms of monsoon climate events comprehensively. Here, we present a high-resolution and multi-proxy stalagmite record from Yongxing Cave, Central China, spanning the interval between 65 and 35 ka B.P. based on high precision U/Th dating method and multi-proxy analyses. A total of 371 subsamples were drilled for oxygen and carbon isotopic measurements along the growth axis at a spacing of 0.5-mm-diameter carbide dental burrs. The analyses were conducted using a Finnigan MAT 253 mass spectrometer linked to a Kiel Carbonate Device at the School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University. The precision is 0.06‰ for δ18O and 0.05‰ for δ13C at the 1σ level. For the gray-level measurements, the polished surface of the studied section was scanned at a resolution of 1200 dpi using an EPSON Perfection 4990 Photo Scanner. The gray level was then obtained from the image using the Environment for Visualizing Images (ENVI 4.8) software while traversing down the growth axis. The values range between 0 and 442, with a spatial resolution of 20 μm. The experimental results show that during the period of 65-40 ka B.P., the stalagmite records of gray-level, δ13C and δ 18O all presented millennial to sub-millennial changes, but the amplitude of δ 13C is much smaller than that of δ 18O. This indicates that the local climate indicators of δ 13C, gray-level and lithology also respond to the Heinrich (H) events and Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events, but their sensitivities to events are different. During the H4 episode (about 40-38 ka B.P.), δ 13C and the gray-level of the stalagmite showed anomalous changes. The significantly positive shift of δ 13C reached an amplitude of 4.5‰ during H4, which was 2-3 times than other H events, while the gray-level presented the same characteristics to that of the DO cycles. We imply that the state of soil erosion may play an important role in such correspondence during H4. When the monsoon weakened to a certain threshold, the soil cover above the permeable cave was greatly deteriorated, thus weakening and/or preventing the infiltration ability of the soil-karst system and increasing the impurity contents in the stalagmite.
突变事件 / 灰度 / 同位素 / 亚洲季风 {{custom_keyword}} /
abrupt climate events / gray-level analysis of stalagmite / isotope / Asian monsoon {{custom_keyword}} /
图1 1951—2010年间永兴洞邻近气象站月平均降水量注:数据来源于中国气象数据网Fig. 1 The monthly precipitation for the four meteorological stations from 1951-2010 |
图2 永兴洞平面简图与YX55石笋采样位置Fig. 2 The plain view of Yongxing Cave and the sampling location of YX55 |
图4 永兴洞石笋YX55多指标记录与其他地质记录对比注:浅蓝色曲线为格陵兰冰芯δ18O时间序列,数字指示DO事件;褐色曲线为葫芦洞石笋δ18O时间序列,暗绿色为7点平滑曲线;永兴洞石笋YX55 δ18O时间序列(红色)、7点平滑曲线(深红色)及65°N夏季(7月)太阳辐射(黑色);绿色曲线为永兴洞石笋YX55 δ13C时间序列,深绿色曲线为7点平滑曲线;灰色曲线为永兴洞石笋YX55灰度时间序列,黑色曲线为7点平滑曲线;黑色线段为石笋的生长速率序列;四条阴影分别指示H4、H5、H5a和H6事件。Fig. 4 Comparison of gray-level, δ13C and δ18O records of YX55 with other paleoclimatic records |
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