
民宿价格的空间分异特征及影响因素——以湖北省恩施州为例
胡小芳, 李小雅, 赵红敏, 邓磊, 王天宇, 杨铄, 李景旺
自然资源学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10) : 2473-2483.
民宿价格的空间分异特征及影响因素——以湖北省恩施州为例
Spatial variation characteristics and influencing factors of homestay inn price: A case study of Enshi, Hubei
民宿区别于传统的酒店,其价格具有独特的空间分布特征和影响因素。以湖北省恩施土家族苗族自治州民宿价格为研究对象,基于克里金法和特征价格模型,使用网络抓取的途家网民宿数据,运用ArcGIS 10.5进行插值分析,总结恩施州民宿价格的空间分布特征,并运用SPSS 24进行多元回归分析,构建特征价格模型,分析影响恩施民宿价格的影响因素。研究表明:(1)恩施民宿价格集聚效应明显,呈现“一大两小”的三个价格高值区;(2)民宿内部环境对民宿价格影响最为显著,民宿消费者更加注重其体验感和融入感;(3)省道和景点对民宿价格影响显著,而国道影响较小;(4)不同经营主体对民宿定价有所不同,其中个人房东经营民宿,其定价水平较高。研究结果为民宿选址、定价、空间布局以及旅游体验服务等方面提供参考。
Compared to traditional hotels, the price of homestay inn has unique spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors. This research, taking the homestay inn price of Enshi Tujia & Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Hubei province as an example, used data crawling to abtain the homestay inn data from tujia.com to make an interpolation analysis with the aid of ArcGIS 10.5. Then it summarized the spatial distribution characteristics of the homestay inn prices in the study area. Meanwhile, Hedonic price model is built by using SPSS to analyze the influencing factors of homestay inn price in Enshi. Research results indicated that: (1) The cluster effect of the homestay inn price is obvious. It forms three relatively high price areas featured by "one high and two low values". (2) Consumers focus on experience and integration when they choose homestay inn. The internal environment of homestay inn has the most striking influence on the homestay inn price. (3) Provincial highways and scenic spots have significant influence on the homestay inn price, while national highways have a small impact. (4) Pricing of homestay inn varies between different operators. The individual landlords who manage homestay inn ask for higher price. The results provide reference for the location, pricing, accommodation space layout and tourism experience services of homestay inn.
民宿 / 价格 / 空间分异 / 影响因素 / 恩施州 {{custom_keyword}} /
homestay inn / price / spatial variation / influencing factor / Enshi {{custom_keyword}} /
表1 恩施州民宿价格空间自相关分析结果Table 1 Spatial autocorrelation analysis result of homestay inn prices in Enshi |
样本点/个 | Moran's I指数 | Var (I) | Z得分 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|
1126 | 0.391859 | 0.000266 | 24.067230 | 0.000000 |
表2 经验贝叶斯克里金空间插值模型精度Table 2 Accuracy from EBK spatial interpolation model |
平均值 | 标准平均值 | 均方根 | 平均标准误差 | 标准均方根 |
---|---|---|---|---|
4.121808 | 0.01904811 | 162.2784 | 168.9708 | 0.9571492 |
影响因素 | 评价指标 | 评价指标度量(等级) |
---|---|---|
F1区位特征 | F1-1高速 F1-2国道 F1-3省道 F1-4景点 F1-5市中心 | 距高速0.75 km内(3)、距高速1.5 km内(2)、距高速3 km内(1)、距高速3 km外(0) 距国道0.75 km内(3)、距国道1.5 km内(2)、距国道3 km内(1)、距国道3 km外(0) 距省道0.75 km内(3)、距省道1.5 km内(2)、距省道3 km内(1)、距省道3 km外(0) 距景点1 km内(3)、距景点2 km内(2)、距景点5 km内(1)、距景点5 km外(0)距市中心距离(km) |
F2建筑特征 | F2-1超大客厅 F2-2观景露台 F2-3智能门锁 | 拥有超大客厅(1)、不拥有超大客厅(0) 拥有观景露台(1)、不拥有观景露台(0) 拥有智能门锁(1)、不拥有智能门锁(0) |
F2-4可住人数 | 实际可住人数 | |
F3邻里特征 | F3-1商城 F3-2公园 F3-3医疗 | 距商城1 km内(3)、距商城2 km内(2)、距商城5 km内(1)、距商城5 km外(0) 距公园1 km内(3)、距公园2 km内(2)、距公园5 km内(1)、距公园5 km外(0) 距医疗1 km内(3)、距医疗2 km内(2)、距医疗5 km内(1)、距医疗5 km外(0) |
F4外部环境 | F4-1水系 F4-2绿地 | 距水系1 km内(3)、距水系2 km内(2)、距水系5 km内(1)、距水系5 km外(0) 距绿地1 km内(3)、距绿地2 km内(2)、距绿地5 km内(1)、距绿地5 km外(0) |
F5经营方式 | F5-1经营主体 F5-2免押金 | 个人房东(1)、商户经营(2)、自营民宿(3)斯维登(4) 免押金(1)、不免押金(0) |
表5 成分得分系数Table 5 Component score coefficient |
成分 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
高速 | 0.163 | -0.02 | -0.061 | -0.054 | -0.451 |
国道 | 0.106 | -0.152 | 0.017 | -0.016 | 0.599 |
省道 | 0.344 | -0.251 | 0 | 0.007 | -0.032 |
景点 | 0.249 | -0.13 | -0.051 | -0.07 | 0.279 |
距市中心距离 | -0.024 | -0.038 | 0.388 | -0.272 | 0.106 |
超大客厅 | -0.039 | 0.064 | -0.062 | 0.446 | -0.002 |
观景露台 | -0.001 | -0.12 | -0.032 | 0.374 | -0.03 |
智能门锁 | -0.084 | 0.245 | 0.223 | 0.018 | -0.089 |
可住人数 | 0 | -0.028 | -0.153 | 0.486 | 0.045 |
商城 | 0.197 | 0.03 | 0.021 | 0.026 | 0.114 |
公园 | 0.213 | 0.064 | 0.002 | 0.006 | -0.115 |
医疗 | 0.208 | 0.078 | -0.007 | -0.017 | -0.053 |
水系 | -0.089 | 0.432 | -0.084 | -0.069 | -0.04 |
绿地 | -0.065 | 0.43 | -0.006 | -0.014 | -0.083 |
经营主体 | -0.015 | 0.024 | 0.425 | -0.003 | -0.021 |
免押金 | 0.021 | -0.083 | 0.437 | 0.007 | 0.03 |
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