河北坝上与坝下不同土地利用类型土壤入渗特征及其影响因素

doi:10.31497/zrzyxb.20200609

自然资源学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 1360-1368.doi: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20200609

• “冀西北水资源与生态环境”专栏 • 上一篇下一篇

河北坝上与坝下不同土地利用类型土壤入渗特征及其影响因素

王晓艺^{1, 2}, 苏正安¹, 马菁², 杨鸿琨^{1, 3}, 何周窈^{1, 4}, 周涛^{1, 5}

1. 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室,成都 610041;
2. 四川农业大学水利水电学院,雅安 625014;
3. 西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院,成都 610500;
4. 四川农业大学林学院,成都 611130;
5. 中国科学院大学,北京 100049

收稿日期:2019-07-02 修回日期:2020-01-15 出版日期:2020-06-28 发布日期:2020-06-28
通讯作者: 苏正安（1980-）, 男, 四川江油人, 博士, 副研究员, 硕士生导师, 研究方向为土壤侵蚀和水土保持。E-mail:suzhengan@imde.ac.cn
作者简介:王晓艺（1995-）, 女, 辽宁鞍山人, 硕士, 研究方向为土壤侵蚀与水源涵养。E-mail:714181692@qq.com
基金资助:
水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（2017ZX07101- 001）；四川省应用基础研究科技计划项目（2018JY0034）；四川省重大科技专项（2018SZDZX0034）

Soil infiltration under different patterns of land use and its influencing factor in the Bashang and Baxia regions of Hebei province

WANG Xiao-yi^{1, 2}, SU Zheng-an¹, MA Jing², YANG Hong-kun^{1, 3}, HE Zhou-yao^{1, 4}, ZHOU Tao^{1, 5}

1. Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Processes, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS, Chengdu 610041 China;
2. College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, Sichuan, China;
3. School of Geoscience and Technology,Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China;
4. Forestry College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
5. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2019-07-02 Revised:2020-01-15 Online:2020-06-28 Published:2020-06-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为查明河北省坝上与坝下不同土地利用类型土壤入渗能力,选择张北县（坝上风蚀区）和阳原县（坝下水蚀区）作为典型研究区,采用微型圆盘入渗仪测量土壤入渗特性,并分析其主要影响因素。研究结果表明：（1）阳原县不同土地利用类型土壤渗透性能表现为：高盖度草地>低盖度草地>耕地>林地,张北县表现为：草地>耕地>灌木林地>防护林地;（2）不同入渗模型拟合度之间存在显著差异,其中Philip模型拟合效果最佳;（3）土壤初始入渗速率、稳定入渗速率、稳定入渗时间与容重呈极显著负相关关系,而与总孔隙度均呈极显著正相关关系。结果表明,该区草地土壤入渗能力最强,后期开展生态工程建设时应更加重视草地涵养水源的作用。

关键词: 土壤入渗能力, 微型圆盘入渗仪, 影响因素, 土地利用类型, 入渗模型

Abstract: To investigate the infiltration capacity under different land use types in typical Bashang region (wind erosion area) and Baxia region (water erosion area) in Zhangjiakou city, Hebei province of China, a Mini Disk Infiltrometer was used to measure soil infiltration capacity of different typical and representative land use types (i.e., cultivated land, forest land and grassland) in Yangyuan and Zhangbei counties. Meanwhile, the influencing factors of soil infiltration capacity were analyzed. Different soil infiltration capacities were found among different land use types. In Yangyuan county, the soil infiltration capacity of the high coverage grassland was the highest among different land use types, and the soil infiltration capacity of the low coverage grassland was higher than that of the cultivated land and forest land. Meanwhile, the soil infiltration capacity of forest land was the lowest among different land use types in Yangyuan county. In Zhangbei county, the soil infiltration capacity of the grassland was the highest among different land use types, and the soil infiltration capacity of the cultivated land was higher than that of the shrub land and shelterbelt land. Meanwhile, the soil infiltration capacity of shelterbelt land was the lowest among different land use types in Zhangbei county. A significant difference in fitting degree could be found among infiltration models. Philip model had the best fitting degree. This result indicated that Philip model should be applied to simulate soil infiltration process of Zhangjiakou city. A significantly negative correlation could be found between bulk density and soil initial infiltration rate, as well as stable infiltration rate and stable infiltration time, while a significantly positive correlation could be found between the total porosity and soil initial infiltration rate, as well as the stable infiltration rate and the stable infiltration time. The results indicated that the grassland had the highest soil infiltration capacity among different land use types and more attention should be paid to the role of grassland in the ecological engineering project so as to enhance the ability of soil water conservation in this region in the future.

Key words: Mini Disk Infiltrometer, land use types, influencing factor, soil infiltration capacity, infiltration model

王晓艺, 苏正安, 马菁, 杨鸿琨, 何周窈, 周涛. 河北坝上与坝下不同土地利用类型土壤入渗特征及其影响因素[J]. 自然资源学报, 2020, 35(6): 1360-1368.

WANG Xiao-yi, SU Zheng-an, MA Jing, YANG Hong-kun, HE Zhou-yao, ZHOU Tao. Soil infiltration under different patterns of land use and its influencing factor in the Bashang and Baxia regions of Hebei province[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2020, 35(6): 1360-1368.

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河北坝上与坝下不同土地利用类型土壤入渗特征及其影响因素

Soil infiltration under different patterns of land use and its influencing factor in the Bashang and Baxia regions of Hebei province

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