黄河三角洲不同类型湿地土壤盐分的剖面分异特征

doi:10.31497/zrzyxb.20200215

自然资源学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 438-448.doi: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20200215

黄河三角洲不同类型湿地土壤盐分的剖面分异特征

王大伟¹, 白军红¹, 赵庆庆², 卢琼琼¹, 张树岩³

1. 北京师范大学环境学院,水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京 100875;
2. 齐鲁工业大学（山东省科学院）,山东省科学院生态研究所,山东省应用微生物重点实验室,济南 250103;
3. 黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区黄河口管理站,东营 257500

收稿日期:2018-11-21 修回日期:2019-09-07 出版日期:2020-02-28 发布日期:2020-02-28
通讯作者: 白军红（1976- ）,男,河北无极人,博士,教授,研究方向为湿地生态修复。E-mail: junhongbai@163.com
作者简介:王大伟（1994- ）,男,山东德州人,博士研究生,研究方向为湿地生态水文过程。E-mail: david_9412@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC0505906）; 北京师范大学学科交叉建设项目（11500-312231104）; 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金; 北京师范大学博一学科交叉基金项目（BNUXKJC1923）

Profile differentiation of soil salinity for natural and anthropogenic disturbance wetlands in the Yellow River Delta

WANG Da-wei¹, BAI Jun-hong¹, ZHAO Qing-qing², LU Qiong-qiong¹, ZHANG Shu-yan³

1. State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
2. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China;
3. Management Station of the Yellow River Estuary, National Nature Reserve of the Yellow River Delta, Dongying 257500, Shandong, China

Received:2018-11-21 Revised:2019-09-07 Online:2020-02-28 Published:2020-02-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究高强度人为干扰是否改变滨海湿地土壤盐分的剖面特征,采集黄河三角洲典型自然湿地和人为干扰湿地不同植物群落下的土壤剖面样品,进行实验室测定。运用单因素方差分析、非参数检验、聚类分析等方法,对土壤剖面含盐量及理化性状进行统计分析。结果显示：由陆向海湿地土壤从轻度盐渍化向盐土过渡,盐分剖面特征受人为活动影响显著,同时人为影响因植被类型而异。总体而言,人为干扰湿地土壤盐渍化程度高于自然湿地。土壤盐分剖面类型可划分为表聚型、震荡型和均匀型三种,空间上由海向陆土壤盐分剖面类型由表聚型、震荡型向均匀型转变。人为干扰湿地中的柽柳（Tamarix chinensis）群落和裸地土壤盐分表聚特征明显,属于表聚型剖面,表聚系数为63%,均匀型剖面占比最高,达到2/3。当地人为筑坝修路等建设活动,通过直接阻断或改变地形等方式削弱了湿地潮汐的水文连通过程,进而改变土壤含水率、容重等生境要素,可能成为影响盐分剖面特征的重要因素。通过闸阀调控、生态补水工程等水文连通恢复措施,改善湿地土壤盐碱化问题,有助于推动黄河三角洲滨海湿地的可持续发展与管理。

关键词: 土壤剖面, 黄河三角洲, 聚类分析, 土壤含盐量, 植物群落

Abstract: The objective of the research was to investigate whether high-intensity anthropogenic disturbance changed the profile characteristics of soil salinity in coastal wetlands. Soil samples of different vegetation zones were collected in natural wetland (NW) and anthropogenic disturbance wetland (AW) in the Yellow River Delta, and tested in the laboratory. One-way ANOVA, nonparametric test and cluster analysis were applied for statistical analysis. The results showed that soil salinity ranged from mild salinization to saline soil along the land-sea gradient. Profile characteristics of soil salinity was significantly influenced by human disturbance, varying with plant communities. In general, compared to NW, soil salinization was much heavier in AW. Soil samples were clustered into three profile types: surface accumulation profile (SAP), oscillation profile (OP), even distribution profile (EDP). The profile types ranged from SAP and OP to EDP in spatial pattern from sea to land. The A-CL and bare tidal flat soil samples showed surface accumulative feature with coefficient of surface accumulation of 63%, belonging to SAP. And almost two-thirds of soil samples belonged to EDP. The dam and tarmac construction weakened the tidal connectivity and destroyed wetland habitats (e.g., soil water content, bulk density, etc.) by direct blocking or terrain changes, which could be the main attribution to soil salinization and salt surface accumulation. Thus hydrological connectivity restoration measures, such as sluice regulation and ecological water compensation projects, could be used to improve soil salinization and promote sustainable development of coastal wetlands in the Yellow River Delta.

Key words: soil profile, Yellow River Delta, cluster analysis, soil salinity, plant communities

王大伟, 白军红, 赵庆庆, 卢琼琼, 张树岩. 黄河三角洲不同类型湿地土壤盐分的剖面分异特征[J]. 自然资源学报, 2020, 35(2): 438-448.

WANG Da-wei, BAI Jun-hong, ZHAO Qing-qing, LU Qiong-qiong, ZHANG Shu-yan. Profile differentiation of soil salinity for natural and anthropogenic disturbance wetlands in the Yellow River Delta[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2020, 35(2): 438-448.

参考文献

[1] CUI B S, HE Q, GU B H, et al.China's coastal wetlands: Understanding environmental changes and human impacts for management and conservation. Wetlands, 2016, 36(1): 1-9.
[2] WANG D W, BAI J H, WANG W, et al.Comprehensive assessment of soil quality for different wetlands in a Chinese delta. Land Degradation & Development, 2018, 29(10): 3783-3794.
[3] ZHAO Q Q, BAI J H, ZHANG G L, et al.Effects of water and salinity regulation measures on soil carbon sequestration in coastal wetlands of the Yellow River Delta. Geoderma, 2018, 319: 219-229.
[4] 章光新. 水文情势与盐分变化对湿地植被的影响研究综述. 生态学报, 2012, 32(13): 4254-4260.
[ZHANG G X.The effects of changes in hydrological regimes and salinity on wetland vegetation: A review. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2012, 32(13): 4254-4260.]
[5] SINGH K.Microbial and enzyme activities of saline and sodic soils. Land Degradation & Development, 2016, 27(3): 706-718.
[6] 崔保山, 刘兴土. 黄河三角洲湿地生态特征变化及可持续性管理对策. 地理科学, 2001, 14(3): 250-256.
[CUI B S, LIU X T.Ecological character changes and sustainability management of wetlands in the Yellow River Delta. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2001, 14(3): 250-256.]
[7] 张同瑞, 赵庚星, 高明秀, 等. 基于近地多光谱和OLI影像的黄河三角洲冬小麦种植区盐分估算及遥感反演: 以山东省垦利县和无棣县为例. 自然资源学报, 2016, 31(6): 1051-1060.
[ZHANG T R, ZHAO G X, GAO M X, et al.Soil salinity estimation and remote sensing inversion based on near-ground multispectral and TM imagery in winter wheat growing area in the Yellow River Delta: Case study in Kenli county and Wudi county, Shandong province. Journal of Natural Resources, 2016, 31(6): 1051-1060.]
[8] 付腾飞, 张颖, 高金尉, 等. 黄河三角洲土壤盐分时空变异特征研究. 中国海洋大学学报: 自然科学版, 2017, 47(10): 50-60.
[FU T F, ZHANG Y, GAO J W, et al.Study on spatial-temporal variability of saline soil salinity in the Yellow River Delta. Periodical of Ocean University of China: Natural Science, 2017, 47(10): 50-60.]
[9] 吕真真, 杨劲松, 刘广明, 等. 黄河三角洲土壤盐渍化与地下水特征关系研究. 土壤学报, 2017, 54(6): 1377-1385.
[LYU Z Z, YANG J S, LIU G M, et al.Relationship between soil salinization and groundwater characteristics in the Yellow River Delta. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2017, 54(6): 1377-1385.]
[10] 姚荣江, 杨劲松, 姜龙. 黄河下游三角洲盐渍区表层土壤积盐影响因子及其强度分析. 土壤通报, 2008, 39(5): 1115-1119.
[YAO R J, YANG J S, JIANG L.Analysis on factors of salt accumulation and intensity in topsoil in the saline region of lower Yellow River Delta. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2008, 39(5): 1115-1119.]
[11] 范晓梅, 刘高焕, 唐志鹏, 等. 黄河三角洲土壤盐渍化影响因素分析. 水土保持学报, 2010, 24(1): 139-144.
[FAN X M, LIU G H, TANG Z P, et al.Analysis on main contributors influencing soil salinization of the Yellow River Delta. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2010, 24(1): 139-144.]
[12] 张濛, 濮励杰, 王小涵, 等. 不同干扰强度对滩涂围垦区土壤颗粒组成的时空分异特征的影响. 自然资源学报, 2016, 31(5): 845-854.
[ZHANG M, PU L J, WANG X H, et al.Effects of disturbance intensity on spatial-temporal differentiation of soil particle size in reclamation area of tidal flat. Journal of Natural Resources, 2016, 31(5): 845-854.]
[13] 崔保山, 蔡燕子, 谢湉, 等. 湿地水文连通的生态效应研究进展及发展趋势. 北京师范大学学报: 自然科学版, 2016, 52(6): 738-746.
[CUI B S, CAI Y Z, XIE T, et al.Ecological effects of wetland hydrological connectivity: Problems and prospects. Journal of Beijing Normal University: Natural Science, 2016, 52(6): 738-746.]
[14] 张仲胜, 于小娟, 宋晓林. 水文连通对湿地生态系统关键过程及功能影响研究进展. 湿地科学, 2019, 17(1): 1-8.
[ZHANG Z S, YU X J, SONG X L.Impacts of hydrological connectivity on key ecological processes and functions in wetlands: A general review. Wetland Science, 2019, 17(1): 1-8.]
[15] 靳宇弯, 杨薇, 孙涛, 等. 围填海活动对黄河三角洲滨海湿地生态系统的影响评估. 湿地科学, 2015, 13(6): 682-689.
[JIN Y W, YANG W, SUN T, et al.Assessment of ecological impact of seashore reclamation activities on coastal wetland ecosystems in the Yellow River Delta. Wetland Science, 2015, 13(6): 682-689.]
[16] WANG Z, ZHAO G, GAO M, et al.Spatial variability of soil salinity in coastal saline soil at different scales in the Yellow River Delta, China. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2017, 189(2): 80-92.
[17] RIETZ D N, HAYNES R J.Effects of irrigation-induced salinity and sodicity on soil microbial activity. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2003, 35(6): 845-854.
[18] 鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析(第三版). 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000: 178-200.
[BAO S D.Soil and Agricultural Chemistry Analysis: The Third Edition. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2000: 178-200.]
[19] United States Salinity Laboratory Staff. Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils. Washington D C: US Government Printing Office, 1954: 60-160.
[20] 黎力群. 盐渍土基础知识. 北京: 科学出版社, 1986: 54-62.
[LI L Q.Basic Knowledge on Saline Soil. Beijing: Science Press, 1986: 54-62.]
[21] 朱祖祥. 土壤学(下册). 北京:农业出版社, 1983: 347-359.
[ZHU Z X.Pedology (Volume ii). Beijing: Agricultural Press, 1983: 347-359.]
[22] 王遵亲, 祝寿泉, 俞仁培, 等. 中国盐渍土. 北京: 科学出版社, 1993: 36-346.
[WANG Z Q, ZHU S Q, YU R P, et al.Saline Soil in China. Beijing: Science Press, 1993: 36-346.]
[23] 王小艳, 冯跃华, 李云, 等. 黔中喀斯特山区村域稻田土壤理化特性的空间变异特征及空间自相关性. 生态学报, 2015, 35(9): 2926-2936.
[WANG X Y, FENG Y H, LI Y, et al.Spatial variability of soil physiochemical properties and their autocorrelations at village-region in karst mountainous area, Guizhou province. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2015, 35(9): 2926-2936.]
[24] 李宝富, 熊黑钢, 张建兵, 等. 不同耕种时间下土壤剖面盐分动态变化规律及其影响因素研究. 土壤学报, 2010, 47(3): 429-438.
[LI B F, XIONG H G, ZHANG J B, et al.Dynamic of soil salt in soil profiles different in cultivation age and its affecting factors. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2010, 47(3): 429-438.]
[25] 贺强, 崔保山, 赵欣胜, 等. 水盐梯度下黄河三角洲湿地植物种的生态位. 应用生态学报, 2008, 19(5): 969-975.
[HE Q, CUI B S, ZHAO X S, et al.Niches of plant species in wetlands of the Yellow River Delta under gradients of water table depth and soil salinity. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2008, 19(5): 969-975.]
[26] 邹晓霞, 王维华, 王建林, 等. 垦殖与自然条件下黄河三角洲土壤盐分的时空演化特征研究. 水土保持学报, 2017, 31(2): 309-316.
[ZOU X X, WANG W H, WANG J L, et al.Time-spatial revolution characteristics of soil salinity in the Yellow River Delta under different land cultivation and natural conditions. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2017, 31(2): 309-316.]
[27] XIN P, ZHOU T Z, LU C H, et al.Combined effects of tides, evaporation and rainfall on the soil conditions in an intertidal creek-marsh system. Advances in Water Resources, 2017, 103: 1-15.
[28] CUI B S, YANG Q C, YANG Z F, et al.Evaluating the ecological performance of wetland restoration in the Yellow River Delta, China. Ecological Engineering, 2009, 35(7): 1090-1103.
[29] 韩玲, 白军红, 叶晓飞, 等. 淡水恢复对黄河口盐沼湿地土壤水盐信息的影响. 北京师范大学学报: 自然科学版, 2018, 54(1): 42-47.
[HAN L, BAI J H, YE X F, et al.Effects of freshwater restoration on dynamics of water and salt information in salt marsh soils of the Yellow River Estuary, China. Journal of Beijing Normal University: Natural Science, 2018, 54(1): 42-47.]

黄河三角洲不同类型湿地土壤盐分的剖面分异特征

Profile differentiation of soil salinity for natural and anthropogenic disturbance wetlands in the Yellow River Delta

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	于小娟, 薛振山, 张仲胜, 宋晓林, 张红日. 潮沟对黄河三角洲湿地典型景观格局的影响[J]. 自然资源学报, 2019, 34(12): 2504-2515.
[2]	杨薇, 靳宇弯, 孙立鑫, 孙涛, 邵冬冬. 基于生产可能性边界的黄河三角洲湿地生态系统服务权衡强度[J]. 自然资源学报, 2019, 34(12): 2516-2528.
[3]	郭雨桐, 崔圆, 王晨, 王倩, 修玉娇, 肖蓉, 张明祥. 湿地要素中碳氮同位素特征与水文连通的关系[J]. 自然资源学报, 2019, 34(12): 2554-2568.
[4]	王青, 骆梦, 邱冬冬, 谢湉, 施伟, 崔保山. 滨海盐沼水文特征对盐地碱蓬定植过程的影响[J]. 自然资源学报, 2019, 34(12): 2569-2579.
[5]	任冉冉, 夏江宝, 张淑勇, 赵自国, 赵西梅. 黄河三角洲柽柳光合作用及树干液流对潜水埋深的响应[J]. 自然资源学报, 2019, 34(12): 2615-2628.
[6]	厉彦玲, 赵庚星. 黄河三角洲典型地区耕地土壤养分空间预测[J]. 自然资源学报, 2018, 33(3): 489-503.
[7]	李鸿雁, 原若溪, 王小军, 张蕾, 于文泉. 吉林省泥石流易发区的降雨特征分析[J]. 自然资源学报, 2016, 31(7): 1222-1230.
[8]	张同瑞, 赵庚星, 高明秀, 常春艳, 王卓然. 基于近地多光谱和OLI影像的黄河三角洲冬小麦种植区盐分估算及遥感反演——以山东省垦利县和无棣县为例[J]. 自然资源学报, 2016, 31(6): 1051-1060.
[9]	王媛, 程曦, 殷培红, 张雪花. 影响中国碳排放绩效的区域特征研究——基于熵值法的聚类分析[J]. 自然资源学报, 2013, 28(7): 1106-1116.
[10]	刘学锋, 向亮, 翟建青. 环境变化对滦河流域径流影响的定量研究[J]. 自然资源学报, 2013, 28(2): 244-252.
[11]	王鹤龄, 王润元, 张强, 刘德祥, 蒲金涌. 甘肃省作物布局演变及其对区域气候变暖的响应[J]. 自然资源学报, 2012, 27(3): 413-421.
[12]	高媛媛, 王红瑞, 许新宜, 高雄, 史秋阳. 水资源安全评价模型构建与应用——以福建省泉州市为例[J]. 自然资源学报, 2012, 27(2): 204-214.
[13]	陈文业, 赵明, 李广宇, 魏强, 王芳, 刘振恒, 朱丽, 张继强, 孙飞达. 不同类型施肥水平对甘南沙化高寒草甸植物群落特征及生产力的影响[J]. 自然资源学报, 2012, 27(2): 254-267.
[14]	方恺, 李焕承. 基于生态足迹深度和广度的中国自然资本利用省际格局[J]. 自然资源学报, 2012, 27(12): 1995-2005.
[15]	何为, 修春亮. 吉林省城市土地集约利用的空间分异[J]. 自然资源学报, 2011, 26(8): 1287-1296.