退耕还林（草）工程实施前后黄土高原植被覆盖时空变化分析

doi:10.11849/zrzyxb.20160411

自然资源学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 449-460.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.20160411

退耕还林（草）工程实施前后黄土高原植被覆盖时空变化分析

赵安周¹, 张安兵^{1*, *}, 刘海新¹, 刘焱序², 王贺封¹, 王冬利¹

1. 河北工程大学 a.河北省煤炭资源综合开发与利用协同创新中心,b.矿业与测绘工程学院,河北邯郸 056038;
2. 北京大学城市与环境学院,北京 100871

收稿日期:2016-04-21 修回日期:2016-06-13 出版日期:2017-03-20 发布日期:2017-03-20
作者简介:赵安周（1985- ）,男,河北邯郸人,博士,讲师,主要从事水资源对气候变化和土地利用的响应方面的研究。E-mail:zhaoanzhou@126.com
基金资助:
国家“863”计划课题（2015AA123901）; 河北省自然科学基金项目（D2015402134）; 河北省教育厅科学研究计划项目（QN2016236,QN2015105,QN2016234）

Spatiotemporal Variation of Vegetation Coverage before and after Implementation of Grain for Green Project in the Loess Plateau

ZHAO An-zhou¹, ZHANG An-bing¹, LIU Hai-xin¹, LIU Yan-xu², WANG He-feng¹, WANG Dong-li¹

1. a. Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Exploitation, b. School of Mining and Geomatics, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China;
2. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

Received:2016-04-21 Revised:2016-06-13 Online:2017-03-20 Published:2017-03-20
Supported by:
National High Technology Research and Development Program (“863” Program) of China, No. 2015AA123901; Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province, No. D2015402134; Program of Education Department of Hebei Province, No. QN2016236, QN2015105 and QN2016234.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于GIMMS NDVI3g（the third generation of Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies Normalized Difference Vegetation Index）数据,辅以趋势分析、Mann-Kendall检验、Hurst指数等方法,识别了1982—2013年及1982—1999、2000—2013年黄土高原植被覆盖时空演变特征,并探讨其驱动因素。研究发现：1）1982—2013年及1982—1999、2000—2013年期间黄土高原生长季NDVI分别以0.019/10 a（P<0.01）、0.016/10 a（P<0.05）和0.057/10 a（P<0.001）的速率增加;2）除1999年以前林地外,所有植被类型的生长季NDVI均呈现显著的增加趋势,2000—2013年尤为明显;3）黄土高原生长季NDVI呈现由东南向西北递减的趋势,1982—2013年及1982—1999、2000—2013年NDVI显著上升的面积分别占74.94%、24.26%和53.34%,主要集中在黄土高原的北部和中部地区;4）研究区未来生长季NDVI呈持续性和反持续的比重分别为33.32%和66.68%,其中持续改善和由改善变为退化的面积分别占31.08%和61.88%;5）2000年以后降水增多与生长季NDVI上升相对应,大规模的生态工程建设对2000—2013年生长季NDVI增加有重要影响。

关键词: GIMMS NDVI3g, 黄土高原, 退耕还林（草）

Abstract: As an ecologically vulnerable area in China, the Loess Plateau has been indicated by many studies to have a significant increase trend in vegetation coverage. However, it is required to clarify the growing trend before and after the implementation of the Grain for Green Project. Based on the third generation of Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (GIMMS NDVI3g) dataset, this study investigated the patterns of spatiotemporal variation of vegetation coverage and the possible environmental factors in the Loess Plateau during 1982-2013, 1982-1999 and 2000-2013 using the Sen+Mann-Kendall model, partial correlation analysis, Mann-Kendall test and Hurst index. The results are as follows: 1) the growing season Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) of the study area increased progressively during the periods of 1982-2013, 1982-1999 and 2000-2013, with the rate of 0.019/10 a, 0.016/10 a and 0.057/10 a, respectively. 2) The growing season NDVI of five vegetation types significantly increased during the three periods, especially during 2000-2013, except the forest during 1982-1999. 3) Vegetation coverage showed a decreasing trend from southeast to northwest, and there was an abrupt decrease in the middle of the Loess Plateau. 4) The reverse characteristics of growing season NDVI change were stronger than the same characteristics in the Loess Plateau. Some 31.08% of the Loess Plateau will follow a continuous increasing trend, while 61.88% of the entire study area is predicted to decrease in future. 5) The vegetation coverage was mainly affected by climate change and human activities. Our results also indicated that increasing precipitation is a factor that results in the improvement of the vegetation coverage. In terms of human activity, our result indicted that there was a strong correlation between the cumulative afforestation area and growing season NDVI during 1999-2013.

Key words: GIMMS NDVI3g, Grain for Green Project, Loess Plateau

中图分类号:

Q948.1

赵安周, 张安兵, 刘海新, 刘焱序, 王贺封, 王冬利. 退耕还林（草）工程实施前后黄土高原植被覆盖时空变化分析[J]. 自然资源学报, 2017, 32(3): 449-460.

ZHAO An-zhou, ZHANG An-bing, LIU Hai-xin, LIU Yan-xu, WANG He-feng, WANG Dong-li. Spatiotemporal Variation of Vegetation Coverage before and after Implementation of Grain for Green Project in the Loess Plateau[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2017, 32(3): 449-460.

参考文献

[1] SUN W Y, SONG X Y, MU X M, et al. Spatiotemporal vegetation cover variations associated with climate change and ecological restoration in the Loess Plateau [J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2015, 209/210: 87-99.
[2] PENG S S, CHEN A P, XU L, et al. Recent change of vegetation growth trend in China [J]. Environmental Research Letters, 2011, 6(4): 044027.
[3] PIAO S L, WANG X H, CIAIS P, et al. Changes in satellite-derived vegetation growth trend in temperate and boreal Eurasia from 1982 to 2006 [J]. Global Change Biology, 2011, 17(10): 3228-3239.
[4] 易浪, 任志远, 张翀, 等. 黄土高原植被覆盖变化与气候和人类活动的关系 [J]. 资源科学, 2014, 36(1): 166-174.

[5] PIAO S L, FANG J Y, LIU H Y, et al. NDVI-indicated decline in desertification in China in the past two decades [J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2005, 32(6): L06402.
[6] YANG X, ZHANG K, JIA B, et al. Desertification assessment in China: An overview [J]. Journal of Arid Environments, 2005, 63(2): 517-531.
[7] 徐晋涛, 曹轶瑛. 退耕还林还草的可持续发展问题 [J]. 国际经济评论, 2002, 3(4): 56-60.

[8] 国家林业局. 第五次中国荒漠化和沙漠化公报[R]. 2011.

[9] ZHENG F L. Effect of vegetation changes on soil erosion on the Loess Plateau [J]. Pedosphere, 2006, 16(4): 420-427.
[10] CAO S X, CHEN L, SHANKMAN D, et al. Excessive reliance on afforestation in China’s arid and semi-arid regions: Lessons in ecological restoration [J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 2011, 104(4): 240-245.
[11] LI Z, ZHENG F L, LIU W Z, et al. Spatial distribution and temporal trends of extreme temperature and precipitation events on the Loess Plateau of China during 1961-2007 [J]. Quaternary International, 2010, 226(1/2): 92-100.
[12] XIN Z B, YU X X, LI Q Y, et al. Spatiotemporal variation in rainfall erosivity on the Chinese Loess Plateau during the period 1956-2008 [J]. Regional Environmental Change, 2011, 11(1): 149-159.
[13] ZHANG B Q, WU P T, ZHAO X N, et al. Drought variation trends in different subregions of the Chinese Loess Plateau over the past four decades [J]. Agricultural Water Management, 2012, 115: 167-177.
[14] LIU Z P, WANG Y Q, SHAO M G, et al. Spatiotemporal analysis of multiscalar drought characteristics across the Loess Plateau of China [J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2016, 534: 281-299.
[15] CARLSON T N, RIPLEY D A. On the relation between NDVI, fractional vegetation cover, and leaf area index [J]. Remote sensing of Environment, 1997, 62(3): 241-252.
[16] MYNENI R B, KEELING C D, TUCKER C J, et al. Increased plant growth in the northern high latitudes from 1981 to 1999 [J]. Nature, 1997, 386: 698-702.
[17] 张景华, 封志明, 姜鲁光, 等. 澜沧江流域植被 NDVI 与气候因子的相关性分析 [J]. 自然资源学报, 2015, 30(9): 1425-1435.

[18] 徐兴奎, 陈红, LEVY J K. 气候变暖背景下青藏高原植被覆盖特征的时空变化及其成因分析 [J]. 科学通报, 2008, 53(4): 456-462.

[19] 信忠保, 许炯心. 黄土高原地区植被覆盖时空演变对气候的响应 [J]. 自然科学进展, 2007, 17(6): 770-778.

[20] 信忠保, 许炯心, 郑伟. 气候变化和人类活动对黄土高原植被覆盖变化的影响 [J]. 中国科学D辑, 2007, 37(11): 1504-1514.

[21] 赵安周, 刘宪锋, 朱秀芳, 等. 2000~2014年黄土高原植被覆盖时空变化特征及其归因 [J]. 中国环境科学, 2016, 36(5): 1568-1578.

[22] 张宝庆, 吴普特, 赵西宁. 近 30a 黄土高原植被覆盖时空演变监测与分析 [J]. 农业工程学报, 2011, 27(4): 287-293.

[23] ZHANG B Q, HE C S, BURNHAM M, et al. Evaluating the coupling effects of climate aridity and vegetation restoration on soil erosion over the Loess Plateau in China [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2016, 539: 436-449.
[24] BECK H E, MCVICAR T R, VAN DIJKA I J M, et al. Global evaluation of four AVHRR-NDVI data sets: Intercomparison and assessment against Landsat imagery [J]. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2011, 115(10): 2547-2563.
[25] JIANG N, ZHU W Q, ZHENG Z T, et al. A comparative analysis between GIMSS NDVIg and NDVI3g for monitoring vegetation activity change in the northern hemisphere during 1982-2008 [J]. Remote Sensing, 2013, 5(8): 4031-4044.
[26] XU L, MYNENI R B, CHAPIN III F S, et al. Temperature and vegetation seasonality diminishment over northern lands [J]. Nature Climate Change, 2013, 3(6): 581-586.
[27] 李锐, 杨文治, 李壁成. 中国黄土高原研究与展望 [M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2008.

[28] SEN P K. Estimates of the regression coefficient based on Kendall’s Tau [J]. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 1968, 63(324): 1379-1389.
[29] KENDALL M G. Rank Correlation Methods [M]. London: C. Griffin, 1948.
[30] 徐建华. 现代地理学中的数学方法 [M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2002.

[31] ZHAO G J, MU X M, TIAN P, et al. Have conservation measures improved Yellow River health? [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2013, 68(6): 159A-161A.
[32] 白建军, 白江涛, 王磊. 2000~2010 年陕北地区植被 NDVI 时空变化及其与区域气候的关系 [J]. 地理科学, 2013, 34(7): 882-888.

[33] ZHANG J T, RU W, LI B. Relationships between vegetation and climate on the Loess Plateau in China [J]. Folia Geobotanica, 2006, 41(2): 151-163.
[34] 刘宪锋, 潘耀忠, 朱秀芳, 等. 2000—2014年秦巴山区植被覆盖时空变化特征及其归因 [J]. 地理学报, 2015, 70(5): 705-716.[LIU X F, PAN Y Z, ZHU X F, et al. Spatiotemporal variation of vegetation coverage in Qinling-Daba Mountains in relation to environmental factors. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015, 70(5): 705-716. ]

退耕还林（草）工程实施前后黄土高原植被覆盖时空变化分析

Spatiotemporal Variation of Vegetation Coverage before and after Implementation of Grain for Green Project in the Loess Plateau

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	杨静涵, 刘梦云, 张杰, 张萌萌, 曹润珊, 曹馨悦. 黄土高原沟壑区小流域土壤养分空间变异特征及其影响因素[J]. 自然资源学报, 2020, 35(3): 743-754.
[2]	陈卓鑫, 王文龙, 郭明明, 王天超, 郭文召, 王文鑫, 康宏亮, 杨波, 赵满. 黄土高塬沟壑区植被恢复对不同地貌部位土壤可蚀性的影响[J]. 自然资源学报, 2020, 35(2): 387-398.
[3]	张文强, 孙从建, 李新功. 晋西南黄土高原区植被覆盖度变化及其生态效应评估[J]. 自然资源学报, 2019, 34(8): 1748-1758.
[4]	亢小语, 张志强, 陈立欣, 冷曼曼, 杨锋伟. 黄土高原中尺度流域基流变化驱动因素分析[J]. 自然资源学报, 2019, 34(3): 563-572.
[5]	张钦弟, 卫伟, 陈利顶, 杨磊. 黄土高原草地土壤水分和物种多样性沿降水梯度的分布格局[J]. 自然资源学报, 2018, 33(8): 1351-1362.
[6]	任婧宇, 彭守璋, 曹扬, 霍晓英, 陈云明. 1901—2014年黄土高原区域气候变化时空分布特征[J]. 自然资源学报, 2018, 33(4): 621-633.
[7]	邱甜甜, 刘国彬, 王国梁, 孙利鹏, 姚旭. 人工油松林不同生长阶段深层土壤有机碳和活性碳的差异及其影响因素[J]. 自然资源学报, 2016, 31(8): 1399-1409.
[8]	曾全超, 李鑫, 董扬红, 安韶山. 黄土高原延河流域不同植被类型下土壤生态化学计量学特征[J]. 自然资源学报, 2016, 31(11): 1881-1891.
[9]	郭正，李军，张玉娇，曹裕，张丽娜，范鹏. 黄土高原不同降水量区旱作苹果园地水分生产力和土壤干燥化效应模拟与比较[J]. 自然资源学报, 2016, 31(1): 135-150.
[10]	曾全超, 李鑫, 董扬红, 李娅芸, 程曼, 安韶山. 陕北黄土高原土壤性质及其生态化学计量的纬度变化特征[J]. 自然资源学报, 2015, 30(5): 870-879.
[11]	乔艳琴, 樊军, 高宇, 王胜, 易彩琼. 黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区植被间土壤水分竞争[J]. 自然资源学报, 2014, 29(5): 801-809.
[12]	孙文义, 邵全琴, 刘纪远. 黄土高原不同生态系统水土保持服务功能评价[J]. 自然资源学报, 2014, 29(3): 365-376.
[13]	郭慧敏, 张彦军, 刘庆芳, 姜继韶, 李俊超, 王蕊, 李娜娜, 李如剑, 郭胜利, 李春越. 黄土高原半干旱区土壤呼吸对土地利用变化的响应[J]. 自然资源学报, 2014, 29(10): 1686-1695.
[14]	范泽孟, 李婧, 岳天祥. 黄土高原生态系统过渡带土地覆盖的时空变化分析[J]. 自然资源学报, 2013, 28(3): 426-436.
[15]	李志, 赵西宁. 1961—2009年黄土高原气象要素的时空变化分析[J]. 自然资源学报, 2013, 28(2): 287-299.