效率导向的石油资源利用布局使我国的原油生产格局与加工利用格局之间形成显著错位。鉴于石油资源利用的根本目的应是促进区域社会经济全面发展,而不是单纯追求资源的利用效率,因此,论文基于区域投入产出表,构建增加值拉动乘数和增加值推动乘数两个投入产出系数,测算并对比了我国不同区域石油资源利用的区域综合经济效应,指出：1）我国石油资源利用的区域经济效应分异小于其直接经济效应分异,表明各区域的石油资源利用均通过区内产业链传导,促进了区域经济的整体发展;2）区域的资源禀赋、经济技术水平和产业结构特征之间的相互作用是影响我国石油资源利用的区域经济效应分异的主要因素;总体而言,资源型和精加工型产业结构在实现石油资源利用的区域经济效应方面各具优势,甚至在一定程度上存在区域经济效应的“资源地优胜”现象;3）未来我国应进一步完善石油资源的东、中、西分区配置格局,强化石油资源利用能力和水平在三大地带间的“U”型分布态势,重点在主要石油资源地和进口地加强石油炼化发展,发挥井口和口岸的资源、产业优势;以其为中心,石油资源的利用规模和能力应大体上沿主要石油运输通道向外逐层递减,以控制资源流动成本。

The efficiency-oriented spatial arrangement of oil resource utilization caused signi-ficant mismatch of the locations of oil production and utilization in China. As the fundamental purpose of oil resources utilization is to promote the overall regional economics rather than to just pursuit the efficiency of resource utilization, this paper measures and compares the regional economic effects of the oil resources utilization in different areas based on input-output tables and two improved and comparable input-output coefficients, which are pulling multiplier and pushing multiplier of added value. The results show that: 1) the differentiation of regional economic effects of oil utilization is less than that of its direct economic effects, suggesting that the utilization of oil resources in each region has promoted the overall development of the regional economy through regional industrial chain; 2) the interactions between regional resource endowments, economic and technological level and the industrial structure are the main factors that impact the regional economic effect of oil resources utilization and its differentiation; in general, either the resource-based industrial structure or the deep-processing-based industrial structure has its advantages in the realization of regional eco-nomic effects of oil utilization, even the regional economic effects in the resource origins are to some extent superior to those in the consumption areas; 3) in the future, China should further improve the regionalization of resource allocation, strengthening the “U” shape distribution of the capacity and level of oil resource utilization among eastern, central and western regions; each region should focus on oil refining in major oil resource origins and oil import ports to take their resources and industrial advantages; besides, in order to take full use of existing oil transport routes and control the resources flow costs, the scale and capacity of oil resources utilization should gradually diminish from the major resource origins or import ports along the main oil transport routes.