关键词: 水价, 耦合价值, 绿色核算, 可变模糊评价, 水文与水资源, 下辽河平原

Abstract:

In order to correctly reflect differential, dynamic and integral characteristics of water resource values, the concept of coupling values of water resources was defined based on the green accounting of natural capital, and the index system of comprehensive assessment on coupling values of water resources was firstly established. Then the variable fussy optimization model combined with entropy weight theory and analytic hierarchy process was introduced to calculate the coupling values of water resources. On the basis of the above-mentioned issues, the unified model of green water price in a watershed was presented. This model could realize various unifications on urban area and rural area, agriculture and industry and business and service industry, the same water department in a watershed, macroscopic and microscopic tax fees, value and price of water resources, which would provide a theoretical basis for the unified management of water resources in a watershed for reference. Taking nine prefecture-level cities in lower Liaohe River Plain as the examples, the coupling values of water resources were estimated by using multi-objective optimization and decision-making methods. All coefficients on natural values, additive values, economic values, social (public benefit) values, ecological values and environmental values of regional water resources were calculated using variable fussy optimization model and the results were respectively 0.1591, 0.0458, 0.1500, 0.0677, 0.2196 and 0.3578. The standard water price was determined based on macro tax burden and water resource consumption per unit Gross Domestic Product (GDP). In the study area, the macro tax burden was 0.1258, water consumption per 10 thousand yuan GDP was 72.71 m³, and the standard water price was 17.30 yuan per m³. Furthermore, the unified standards of green water price in the districts of lower Liaohe River Basin were obtained on the basis of the above results. The green water prices were respectively 3.54 yuan per m³ for domestic water of urban-rural residents, 6.14 yuan per m³ for water in agriculture and industry and business and service industry, 4.72 yuan per m³ for administrative water, 7.34 yuan per m³ for landscaping water, 12.33 yuan per m³ for special industry water. Considering these current situations as objective bearing capacity of China's families of rural residents at present, development level of the productive force in agriculture, agricultural non-profit and fundamentality, the water price was temporarily 132 yuan per person annually for domestic water of rural residents, and 0.79 yuan per m³ for farmland irrigation water. The case study showed that this model of green water prices could incarnate the regional water resources endowment and the water resources demand in socio-economic development and ecological environment. Therefore, it would be beneficial to execute green water price policies in promoting the consciousness of economizing water of the units and individuals, enhancing the utilization efficiency of water resources, advancing harmonious development of water resources and economy, society, ecology and environment.

Key words: hydrology and water resources, variable fussy optimization model, coupling values, Lower Liaohe River Plain, water price, green calculation