自然资源学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (7): 1235-1245.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2014.07.014

• 资源研究方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于水资源耦合价值的绿色水价模型及其应用——以下辽河平原为例

郑德凤1, 臧正1, 孙才志2, 张雨1   

  1. 1. 辽宁师范大学城市与环境学院, 辽宁大连116029;
    2. 辽宁师范大学海洋经济与可持续发展研究中心, 辽宁大连116029
  • 收稿日期:2013-05-11 修回日期:2013-11-21 出版日期:2014-07-20 发布日期:2014-07-20
  • 通讯作者: 臧正(1978-),男,吉林白城人,硕士生,助理工程师,主要从事生态评价、资源与环境经济研究。E-mail:zangzheng@126.com E-mail:zangzheng@126.com
  • 作者简介:郑德凤(1970-),女,黑龙江省伊春市人,博士,副教授,主要从事水资源评价与管理方面的研究。E-mail:dfzheng@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    辽宁省社会科学规划基金(L13BJL019);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20122136110003)。

Model of GreenWater Price Based on Coupling Values of Water Resources and Its Application in Lower Liaohe River Plain

ZHENG De-feng1, ZANG Zheng1, SUN Cai-zhi2, ZHANG Yu1   

  1. 1. School of Urban Planning and Environmental Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China;
    2. Center for Studies of Marine Economy and Sustainable Development, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China
  • Received:2013-05-11 Revised:2013-11-21 Online:2014-07-20 Published:2014-07-20

摘要:

为了准确体现水资源价值的差异性、动态性及其整体性,提出基于绿色核算的水资源耦合价值评价指标体系及绿色水价模型。以下辽河平原为例,引入可变模糊综合评价法,结合熵值法和层次分析法对水资源耦合价值进行评价,计算该区水资源天然价值系数、附加价值系数、经济价值系数、社会(公益)价值系数、生态价值系数及环境价值系数,据此得出绿色水价标准:城乡居民生活用水为3.54 元/m3,农村居民生活用水(暂行)为132 元/(a·人),农工商服务业用水为6.14 元/m3,农田灌溉用水(暂行)为0.79 元/m3,行政事业用水为4.72 元/m3,园林绿化用水为7.34 元/m3,特种行业用水为12.33 元/m3。各行政分区水资源耦合价值及各单项价值的评价结果基本符合该区客观实际,绿色水价模型体现了区域水资源禀赋,反映了经济社会发展及生态环境等对水资源的需求。

关键词: 水价, 耦合价值, 绿色核算, 可变模糊评价, 水文与水资源, 下辽河平原

Abstract:

In order to correctly reflect differential, dynamic and integral characteristics of water resource values, the concept of coupling values of water resources was defined based on the green accounting of natural capital, and the index system of comprehensive assessment on coupling values of water resources was firstly established. Then the variable fussy optimization model combined with entropy weight theory and analytic hierarchy process was introduced to calculate the coupling values of water resources. On the basis of the above-mentioned issues, the unified model of green water price in a watershed was presented. This model could realize various unifications on urban area and rural area, agriculture and industry and business and service industry, the same water department in a watershed, macroscopic and microscopic tax fees, value and price of water resources, which would provide a theoretical basis for the unified management of water resources in a watershed for reference. Taking nine prefecture-level cities in lower Liaohe River Plain as the examples, the coupling values of water resources were estimated by using multi-objective optimization and decision-making methods. All coefficients on natural values, additive values, economic values, social (public benefit) values, ecological values and environmental values of regional water resources were calculated using variable fussy optimization model and the results were respectively 0.1591, 0.0458, 0.1500, 0.0677, 0.2196 and 0.3578. The standard water price was determined based on macro tax burden and water resource consumption per unit Gross Domestic Product (GDP). In the study area, the macro tax burden was 0.1258, water consumption per 10 thousand yuan GDP was 72.71 m3, and the standard water price was 17.30 yuan per m3. Furthermore, the unified standards of green water price in the districts of lower Liaohe River Basin were obtained on the basis of the above results. The green water prices were respectively 3.54 yuan per m3 for domestic water of urban-rural residents, 6.14 yuan per m3 for water in agriculture and industry and business and service industry, 4.72 yuan per m3 for administrative water, 7.34 yuan per m3 for landscaping water, 12.33 yuan per m3 for special industry water. Considering these current situations as objective bearing capacity of China's families of rural residents at present, development level of the productive force in agriculture, agricultural non-profit and fundamentality, the water price was temporarily 132 yuan per person annually for domestic water of rural residents, and 0.79 yuan per m3 for farmland irrigation water. The case study showed that this model of green water prices could incarnate the regional water resources endowment and the water resources demand in socio-economic development and ecological environment. Therefore, it would be beneficial to execute green water price policies in promoting the consciousness of economizing water of the units and individuals, enhancing the utilization efficiency of water resources, advancing harmonious development of water resources and economy, society, ecology and environment.

Key words: hydrology and water resources, variable fussy optimization model, coupling values, Lower Liaohe River Plain, water price, green calculation

中图分类号: 

  • TV213.4