自然资源学报

自然资源学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 653-665.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2014.04.010

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近30 a贵州遵义县农田土壤有机碳动态及影响因素分析

惠辽辽1, 邵景安1, 慈恩2, 谢德体2   

  1. 1. 重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院, 重庆400047;
    2. 西南大学资源环境学院, 重庆400716
  • 收稿日期:2013-03-04 修回日期:2013-07-28 出版日期:2014-04-20 发布日期:2014-04-20
  • 作者简介:惠辽辽（1988-），女，汉族，陕西榆林人，硕士，从事土壤管理研究。E-mail：huiliaoliao0206@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（XDA05050506）；国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07104-003)。

Farmland SOC Dynamics and Its Impact Factors at Zunyi County in Guizhou in the Recent 30 Years

HUI Liao-liao1, SHAO Jing-an1, CI En2, XIE De-ti2   

  1. 1. College of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 400074, China;
    2. College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
  • Received:2013-03-04 Revised:2013-07-28 Online:2014-04-20 Published:2014-04-20
  • Contact: 邵景安（1976-），男，汉族，安徽亳州人，博士，研究员，主要从事土地利用与生态过程研究。E-mail：shao_ja2003@sohu.com E-mail:shao_ja2003@sohu.com
  • About author:10.11849/zrzyxb.2014.04.010

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摘要：

论文选择贵州省遵义县为典型样区，使用1980 年代第二次土壤普查数据和2011 年实测数据，以耕地土壤图为基础，运用土壤类型法和通用有机碳密度度量法，测算样区近30 a农田土壤有机碳（SOC）储量和密度变化特征，借助逐步回归分析法，识别影响这一变化的潜在驱动因素，结果表明：①样区近30 a 农田总丢碳量2.94×104 t，整体呈基本持平略带下降趋势；②样区近30 a农田单位面积碳变化量为-132.03 kg C·hm-2，年均变化速率-4.40 kg C·hm-2·a-1，固碳、丢碳和相对平衡面积比为49.45: 32.96: 17.59；③不同土壤类型间不管是SOC储量还是土壤有机碳密度（SOCD）均差异显著，丢碳幅度最大的是山地黄棕壤，达77.34%，固碳幅度最大的是紫色土，是1980 年代的1.1 倍；④空间分布上，总体展现为以娄山山脉为界的西北丢碳东南固碳态势；⑤SOCD1980s、机械组成（砂粒比、粘粒比、粉粒比）、全N密度、C/N 等指标是影响样区近30 a 间农田SOC变化的主要因素，且除SOCD1980s外，剩余5 因素与SOCD年均变化速率间拥有正相关关系。研究有助于查明样区近30 a 农田SOC变化的本底和潜在影响因素，为未来农田SOC的管理提供数据基础。

关键词: 农田SOC密度, 农田SOC储量, 遵义县

Abstract:

Taking Zunyi County, Guizhou Province, as a typical sampling area, this paper adopted soil type method and general organic carbon density measurement method to analyze the characteristics of farmland SOC storage and SOCD change in nearly 30 years using the second soil census data in the 1980s and the measured profile data. Moreover, this paper also identified the potential driving factors of SOC change, using the stepwise regression analysis method. These results showed that: 1) Total content of farmland loss SOC was 2.94×104 t in the recent 30 years. On the whole, it presented a flat and slightly downward trend. 2) The changing content of farmland SOC per unit area was -132.03 kg C·hm-2 in the past 30 years, the annual average rate of farmland SOC change was -4.40 kg C·hm-2·a-1, and the area ratio of carbon sink, loss carbon and relative balance was 49.45: 32.96: 17.59. 3) The differences among different soil types were very significant, regardless of SOC storage or SOCD. The lost carbon range of mountain yellow brown soil is the biggest, accounting for 77.34%, while the sink carbon range of purple soil, and its sink carbon content was 1.1 times as that in the 1980s. 4) The spatial distributions of farmland SOC change in the sampling area overall presented the boundary by Loushan Mountain, and the area of sink carbon and relative balance mainly occurred in its southeastern part, while the area of lost carbon mostly happened in its northwestern part. 5) The major factors influencing the farmland SOC change of the sampling area involved SOCD1980s, soil mechanical composition (sand ratio, clay ratio and powder ratio), total N density and C/N ratio in the recent 30 years. Moreover, except for SOCD1980s, the relationships between other factors and annual average rate of farmland SOCD change were positively correlated. The findings of this paper favored to find out the background conditions and potential impact factors of farmland SOC change in the nearly 30 year in the sampling area. At the same time, it will provide data basis for managing farmland SOC in the future.

Key words: farmland SOCD, farmland SOC storage, Zunyi County

中图分类号: 

  • S153.6+2