自然资源学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 166-176.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2014.01.015

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基于格-群文化理论的水资源认知差异分析——以黑河中游甘州区农村居民为例

尹小娟, 钟方雷*, 徐中民   

  1. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室, 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2012-08-06 修回日期:2013-08-12 出版日期:2014-01-20 发布日期:2014-01-09
  • 作者简介:尹小娟(1986- ),女,甘肃兰州人,博士研究生,研究方向为生态经济学。E-mail:Yin_86520@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重大研究计划“ 黑河流域生态- 水文过程集成研究” 重点支持项目(91125019);国家自然科学青年基金项目(40901292);国家自然科学基金面上项目(40971291)

Water Resources Cognitive Analysis Based on Gird-Group Culture Theory:A Case Study of Farmers in Ganzhou District in the Middle Reach of Heihe River

YIN Xiao-juan, ZHONG Fang-lei*, XU Zhong-min   

  1. China Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology and Integrated River Basin Science, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:2012-08-06 Revised:2013-08-12 Online:2014-01-20 Published:2014-01-09
  • Contact: 钟方雷 E-mail:flzhong@lzb.ac.cn

摘要: 水资源管理利用模式受水资源认知差异的影响,探讨不同人群的文化类型及其对水资源的认知差异,有助于促进各利益相关者之间的理解和沟通,为实施和规范公众参与水资源管理提供决策支持。论文从文化价值观出发,以节水型社会试点典型区域——黑河中游张掖市甘州区为例,设计问卷实地调查获取数据,运用格-群文化理论判定甘州区农村居民的文化类型,通过列联表分析不同文化类型与水资源认知差异的相关性,从而验证各文化类型与相应水资源管理策略的一致性。结果表明:研究区居民中等级主义者最多,占总调查样本的48%;其次是平均主义者和个人主义者,分别占28%和20.7%;宿命论者仅占3.3%。文化类型与水价政策、来水量控制和人工补给地下水三组观点显著相关(Approx. Sig<0.05);与建造水库、水权交易存在较明显的相关关系(Approx. Sig<0.1)。等级主义和平均主义的文化类型特征与相应水资源认知较为匹配。在节水技术、来水量控制、人工补给地下水、建造水库、水权交易、水资源自然循环、水质标准评价和水污染标准8 个方面,有53%~79%的等级主义者认同自身观点;在用水需求、水价政策、水资源短缺、地下水开采和公共水资源供给5 个方面,有37%~72%的平均主义者认同自身观点。研究结果证明格-群文化理论在我国内陆河流域有一定适用性,关注个体文化差异对水资源管理制度的制定和实施有一定借鉴意义。

关键词: 水资源认知, 甘州区, 格-群文化理论, 列联表分析

Abstract: Different stakeholders in water policy hold different views, which can lead to different economic actions and attitudes by influencing individual decision-making process. Researching human factors in water resources management and identifying diverse perceptions of water are important. These works can improve understanding and communication among people, and provide decision support for public participation in water management. The grid-group culture theory of social anthropology divide people into four types—the hierarchist, egalitarian, individualist and fatalist, which actually gives a framework for better understanding of different cognitions of water. In this article, we chose a typical area of water-saving society Ganzhou district as a research object, designed questionnaires and conducted a field survey to get data. The proportions of cultural types of farmers in Ganzhou district were assessed by grid-group culture theory. In order to validate the coherence of cultural types and appropriate strategy of water management, we used crosstab to analyze the correlation between different cultural types and varied water resources perceptions. The results show that, people most agree with bias of hierarchical, which account for 48% of the survey sample. Followed by egalitarian and individualist, which are 28% and 20.7% respectively. Fatalist account for only 3.3%. Cultural types have a significant corresponding with views of water price policy, water availability and artificial groundwater recharge (Approx. Sig<0.05), and have a relatively corresponding with artificial surface reservoirs and water trade (Approx. Sig<0.1). Hierarchist and egalitarian matched their own water resource cognitives well. There are 53%-79% of hierarchist selected views of hierarchical in water-conserving technology, water availability, artificial groundwater recharge, artificial surface reservoirs, water trade, hydrological cycle, water quality evaluation and wastewater policy. And 37%-72% of egalitarian chose opinions of egalitarian in water demand, water price policy, water scarcity, groundwater use and public water supply. The results validate the application of grid-group culture theory in the inland basin of China. Finally, it is suggested that concerning cultural differences among individuals is significant for making and implementing water resource management policy.

Key words: water resources cognitive, crosstabs, grid-group culture theory, Ganzhou District

中图分类号: 

  • F062.2