关键词: 海岸带, 国土资源, 开发和管理, 海水养殖, 开发利用, 广东省, 海岸带管理, 水产资源, 生态系统, 海岸工程

Abstract: The development and management of territorial resources of the coastal zone in Guangdong province are discussed macroscopically and comprehensively in this paper.In light of stipulations of "THE U. N. LAW OF THE SEA", the ownership of territorial sea, the continental shelf and the exclusive economic area belong to littoral countries, We show that Guangdong Province possesses a wide marine territory more than 300 thousand km2 and various coastal territory resources. The coastal zone of Guangdong have been analysed with a great number of data for further developing the utilization, and also for intensifying the legislative management of territorial resources. The dualistic theory (productive profits and public welfares) of communication and transport constructions is illustrated. The method of systematic engineering is used to accelerate the construction of coastal ports both me-soscale and microscale. In order to develop the harbour resources, the inshore breeding should be increasingly carried out at the same time. For developing the deep sea fishing of the continental shelf, the modern deepwater fishery bases should be established at some places, such as Jiazi, Shanwei in easthern Guangdong, Shadigang of Shangchuan Island and Nanaogang of Xi-achuan Island in westhern Guangdong, Baimajin and Shanyagang in Hainan Island etc. In the recent period, two comprehensive and extrorse seashore tourist regions should be established for developing the extroverted seashore lourist trades. The first one is on Feishatan of Shangchuan Island in Taishan county, the second one is on the coastal beach from Xianwush-an to Jinxiang in Lufeng county.About the problem for the legislative management of the coastal zone, according to the in- ternational experiences a responsible department and the special laws should be perfected and the comprehensive laws for managment of the coastal zone must be drawn up as soon as possible. On the basis of the geographical position and developing characteristics of the coastal zone resources in Guangdong Province, while the management regulations of the coastal zone are drawing up, there must pay attention to three aspects: 1) The coastal ports, channels and aquatic resoureces have been seriously destroyed over the years by the enclosed tidelands for cultivation and water conservancy, the problems which have left over historically, must be dealt with harmoniously while drawing up the laws and regulations. 2) Because this province is faced with Hong Kong and Macao, the fishermen of the both sides always engage their economic activities on the same coastal zone, therefore, the legal provisions protecting their rights and interests respectively, must be drawn up. 3) At the present time, the polyadministrative structures of open districts for foreign countries are forming in this province, the activities of introducing the foreign capital to develop the coastal zone are steadily on increase, it is essential to draw up the relevant legal provision for promoting the further development.