自然资源学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (8): 1360-1373.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.20160772

• 资源生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

关中城市群生态足迹演变趋势及公平性评价

杨屹, 梁砺波, 张景乾   

  1. 西安理工大学经济与管理学院,西安 710054
  • 收稿日期:2016-07-18 修回日期:2016-10-10 出版日期:2017-08-20 发布日期:2017-08-20
  • 作者简介:杨屹(1969- ),男,贵州遵义人,教授,博士,研究方向为生态足迹、生态政策与管理等。E-mail: yangyi_nwpu@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金西部项目(15XJL009); 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2015JM7381); 陕西省教育厅人文社科重点研究基地项目(15JZ041); 西安理工大学科学研究计划科技创新项目(2014CX019)

Evolution Trend and Fairness Evaluation of Ecological Footprint in Guanzhong City Group

YANG Yi, LIANG Li-bo, ZHANG Jing-qian   

  1. School of Economics and Management, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710054, China
  • Received:2016-07-18 Revised:2016-10-10 Online:2017-08-20 Published:2017-08-20
  • Supported by:
    Western Project of National Social Science Foundation of China, No. 15XJL009Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China, No. 2015JM7381Humanities and Social Sciences Key Research Project in Department of Education of Shaanxi Province, No. 15JZ041Scientific Research Project of Science and Technology Innovation of Xi’an University of Technology, No. 2014CX019.

摘要: 自然资本与人造资本的分配公平与配置效率是可持续共享区域生态资源的保证。论文在测算2005—2014年关中城市群生态足迹的基础上,以生态足迹、生态承载力、GDP分别表征区域内自然资本需求、自然资本收益、人造资本收益,采用基尼系数、时空分析指标、生态承载系数、经济贡献系数分析区域资源分配公平与配置效率的程度。结果显示,2005—2014年,关中城市群生态承载基尼系数、经济贡献基尼系数、综合基尼系数分别置于 [0.18, 0.20]、[0.24, 0.29]、[0.23, 0.28]区间。同时,结果表明,关中城市群GDP上升趋势显著快于生态足迹,生态要素匹配较好,其中,咸阳市、宝鸡市、铜川市属相对“高生态承载贡献、低经济贡献”城市,西安市、杨凌示范区属相对“高经济贡献、低生态承载贡献”城市。

关键词: 关中城市群, 基尼系数, 经济贡献, 生态承载力, 生态经济学, 生态足迹

Abstract: The fairness degree of distribution and allocative efficiency of natural capital and human-made capital are the guarantee for sustainable sharing of regional ecological resources. Based on calculating ecological footprint in Guanzhong City Group from 2005 to 2014, this paper adopted ecological footprint, ecological carrying capacity and GDP to represent the regional demand of natural capital use, natural capital gains and human-made capital gains. The regional fairness degree of distribution and the allocative efficiency of resources were analyzed by Gini coefficient, spatial-temporal analysis index, ecological support coefficient (ESC) and economy contributive coefficient (ECC). The results showed that the per capita ecological footprint increased from 2.056 hm2 per capita to 3.201 hm2 per capita with an average annual growth rate of 5.04%; the per capita GDP increased from 11 089 yuan per capita to 46 639 yuan per capita with an average annual growth rate of 17.31%; and the per capita ecological carrying capacity changed little in Guanzhong City Group during 2005 to 2014. In the same period, the ecological pressure index (Epi) increased 1.59 times from 4.665 to 7.406 and the ecological footprint for ten thousand yuan GDP decreased from 1.854 hm2 per ten thousand yuan to 0.686 hm2 per ten thousand yuan with an average annual decline rate of 10.45%. The adjusted ecological pressure elasticity coefficient (E′) showed that the changes of ecological footprint was generally inverse to the changes of ecological carrying capacity, and the ecological footprint for ten thousand yuan GDP elasticity coefficient (G) basically ranged between 0 and 1. The ecological support Gini coefficient, economic contribution Gini coefficient and the comprehensive Gini coefficient were between [0.18, 0.20], [0.24, 0.29], [0.23, 0.28] respectively. The conclusion indicated that the ecological pressure became increasingly prominent and economic contribution increased gradually. That means the increase (decrease) in ecological footprint caused by 1% increase (decrease) of GDP is less than 1%, the scale effect of economic is at an optimal level and the ecological elements match well in Guanzhong City Group. Besides, there is no city in Guanzhong City Group that had both relatively high economic contribution and high ecological support contribution. Tongchuan, Baoji, Xianyang had relatively higher ecological support contribution but lower economic contribution while Xi’an, Yangling were opposite.

Key words: ecological carrying capacity, ecological economics, ecological footprint, economic contribution, Gini coefficient, Guanzhong City Group

中图分类号: 

  • F062.2