自然资源学报

自然资源学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 374-383.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2015.03.002

• 资源经济 • 上一篇    下一篇

农业文化遗产地有机生产转换期农产品价格补偿测算——以云南省红河县哈尼梯田稻作系统为例

张永勋1,2, 刘某承1, 闵庆文1, 袁正1,2, 李静1,2, 樊淼3   

  1. 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京100101;
    2. 中国科学院大学, 北京100049;
    3. 中国人民解放军空军后勤部机场营房部, 北京100720
  • 收稿日期:2014-05-08 修回日期:2014-08-13 发布日期:2015-03-23
  • 通讯作者: 刘某承(1983-),男,陕西汉中人,副研究员,博士,主要从事生态系统服务与生态补偿方面的研究.E-mail:liumc@igsnrr.ac.cn E-mail:liumc@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:张永勋(1983-),男,河南光山人,博士研究生,主要从事农业文化遗产保护、农村发展与生态经济方面的研究.E-mail:zhangyongxun666@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(41201586).

Period of Organic Conversion in Agricultural Heritage Sites —Taking Paddy Rice of Hani Terrace in Honghe County of Yunnan Province as an Example

ZHANG Yong-xun1,2, LIU Mou-cheng1, MIN Qing-wen1, YUAN Zheng1,2, LI Jing1,2, FAN Miao3   

  1. 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3. Airfield Cantonment Department of Logistics Department of Air Force, the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100720, China
  • Received:2014-05-08 Revised:2014-08-13 Published:2015-03-23

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摘要：

高效农业技术广泛使用提高了农业生产效率,促进了粮食产量增长,但同时也带来环境问题、食品安全问题和传统农业文化逐渐消失等负面效应.哈尼梯田作为全球重要农业文化遗产(GIAHS),具有生态价值、农业生产价值和景观价值等多重价值,保护哈尼梯田农业系统意义重大.通过有机生产提高稻谷价格的方式,推动农民继续种植水稻,可以达到保护哈尼梯田农业系统的目的.然而,从非有机到有机生产有一个转换期,这期间稻谷无法以有机产品的价格出售,所以,政府须给予一定的价格补偿才可保证农民利益和生产的持续性.论文采用问卷和访谈等调查方法,获取哈尼梯田地区农户有机转换期种植投入产出状况和劳动力外出务工收入状况,以及现代规模生产方式下的投入产出状况,通过分析对比和核算,得到结果如下:① 哈尼梯田地区有机转换期水稻种植直接投入高于现代水稻种植方式,总投入成本中劳动力成本占比最大,而单产低于现代水稻种植方式;② 哈尼梯田地区的青壮年劳动力偏向于在城市生活和务工,外出务工收入明显高于常规农业收入,使农业机会成本较高;③ 有机转换期的稻谷价格补偿至少2.84 元/kg 才可保证有机转换期农民收入稳定,从而达到保护哈尼梯田景观的目的.

关键词: 价格补偿, 哈尼梯田, 农业文化遗产, 有机转换期

Abstract:

As highly efficient agricultural technologies are used widely, efficiency of labor got improved, and grain yield was on the increase, but so many negative effects appeared such as environmental problem, food safety and disappearance of traditional agricultural culture. As a GIAHS, the system of forest-village-paddy-river in Hani terrace, which had formed for a long time in history, has multiple values that include ecologic value, productive value and landscape value, therefore, it is of great significance to protect agricultural system of Hani terrace from being destroyed. The purpose of protecting agricultural system of Hani terrace will be achieved, if the price of agricultural products from Hani terrace region is improved by organic planting for the farmers going on planting paddy rice. However, it must go through a stage of organic conversion from non-organic production to organic production. In this stage, the agricultural products produced by organic planting are not brought at the price of organic products due to not having organic label. Therefore, the local government should give some compensation to the farmers who planted rice by organic production during organic conversion for the agriculture products per unit weight, so that the income of the farmers cannot be lost. In this paper, questionnaire and interview were used for gaining the information about input-output of agriculture in organic planting during organic conversion, earnings of farmers from work in city in Hani terrace region, and input-output of modern agricultural planting. By analyzing, contrasting and computing those informations, we had results as follows: 1) The directly input of organic planting of paddy rice in Hani terrace region is more than modern planting, but paddy rice yield from organic planting is lower than modern planting; 2) labors of young adults prefer to work or live in cities for higher income, therefore, the opportunity cost is higher; and 3) extra compensation of paddy rice from organic planting at 2.84 yuan/kg is reasonable for protecting terrace landscape and traditional planting pattern in Hani terrace region.

Key words: agricultural heritage, price compensation, period of organic conversion, Hani terrace

中图分类号: 

  • F062.2