自然资源学报

自然资源学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (9): 1467-1474.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2011.09.002

• 资源利用与管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国耕地利用效率的区域差异及其收敛性研究

叶浩1, 濮励杰2   

  1. 1. 广东商学院 资源与环境学院,广州 510320;
    2. 南京大学 地理与海洋科学学院,南京 210093
  • 收稿日期:2011-02-18 修回日期:2011-04-29 出版日期:2011-09-20 发布日期:2011-09-20
  • 作者简介:叶浩(1981- ),男,安徽省利辛县人,博士,主要研究方向为土地资源管理、土地利用与环境效应。E-mail:yeneez@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(40871255)。

Study on the Cultivated Land Use Efficiency between Different Regions of China and Its Convergence

YE Hao1, PU Li-jie2   

  1. 1. School of Resources and Environment, Guangdong Commercial College, Guangzhou 510320, China;
    2. School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
  • Received:2011-02-18 Revised:2011-04-29 Online:2011-09-20 Published:2011-09-20

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87 | 34

摘要： 基于地均种植业产值、地均劳动力及各种农业生产物质的投入情况,以耕地利用效率为主要研究对象,运用随机前沿生产函数方法计算了1990—2008年间中国各省区的耕地利用效率并对其时空变化规律进行了分析。研究表明:现阶段我国耕地利用仍以物资成本的投入为主,我国耕地产出的提高主要依赖于化肥使用量的增加,机械化程度的提高对其影响不大;我国耕地利用效率的整体水平不高,大部分地区耕地的实际产出与现有投入水平下的潜在产出之间存在较大差距,说明现阶段我国农业生产中存在着物质投入的严重浪费;近20 a来,我国耕地利用效率虽然逐渐提高,但提高的速率有着下降的趋势;省际间耕地利用效率有着明显的差异,而且表现出东、中、西部聚集的特征,与地区间经济发展差异不同的是,东部地区耕地平均效率最高,西部次之,中部地区的耕地利用效率最低;最后,在中国过去的近20 a里,全国范围内耕地利用效率虽有收敛的迹象,全域性的β-收敛特征并不显著,但中国的东、中、西三大地带内部却表现出较强的β-收敛特征。从区域收敛的稳态值看,东、西部地区的结果非常接近,而且均显示东部地带高于西部地带、西部地带高于中部地带的基本特征,这意味着随着时间的推移,中国的三大经济带将各自收敛于一个更高的耕地利用效率上。

关键词: 耕地利用效率, 随机前沿生产函数, 收敛性, 中国

Abstract: Based on the value of plant industry output, labor force and agricultural means of production’s input data per hm2, taking cultivated land use efficiency as investigated subject, this paper studied cultivated land use efficiency value of each province per year and its spatial and temporal variation using stochastic frontier production function method. The results showed that: 1) At the present stage, agricultural means of production’s input is dominating production mode in China’s cultivated land use. The cultivated land output’s improvement in China mainly relies on chemical fertilizer increase, the increased mechanization level has little influence. 2) China’s overall level of land use efficiency is low, cultivated land actual output has a great difference to potential output under existing input level. In recent 20 years, cultivated land use efficiency was improved, but its speed slowed gradually. It indicated that agriculture’s high yield’s maintenance required plentiful material input. Continued increase in material input has little significance to improve cultivated land use efficiency. 3) Inter-provincial land use efficiency has a significant difference and aggregate in the eastern, central and western regions. Differences exist with the different regional economic development, the highest average efficiency of cultivated land lies in the eastern and central regions has the least efficiency. 4) In the past 20 years, although the national cultivated land use efficiency has signs of convergence, but the global characteristics of β-convergence is not significant. The eastern, central and western regions show the stronger β-convergence characteristics. From the steady state value of the regional convergence, the eastern and western regions are very close, and shown that the western is less than the eastern, the central is less than the western, which means that with the time passing, each of China’s three economic zones will converge to a higher land use efficiency.

Key words: cultivated land use efficiency, stochastic frontier production function, convergence, China

中图分类号: 

  • F301.2