关键词: 乡村旅游, 发展路径, 空间分布, 外源因素, 乡村旅游重点村

Abstract:

China has entered a new era of rural revitalization, and rural tourism has become a new development path focused by multi-stakeholder. How to carefully evaluate and choose a suitable rural tourism development path has become an important practical and academic issue. This study takes the key rural tourism villages in China as an example, based on the hypothesis of "Origin-Dynamics", and uses geographic analysis methods to explore the exogenous factors of different development paths of rural tourism. The research found that: (1) Rural tourism develops rapidly in southeastern China but slowly in northwestern China, forming two hot spots of the Beijing-Tianjin region and the Yangtze River Delta. The scenic-dependent type presents two hotspots of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the Yangtze River Delta, and three sub-hotspots of the Yangtze River Basin, the Bohai Rim and the Hainan Island; the cultural heritage-based types are concentrated in areas of Jiangnan water village culture, Central China Plains culture and Loess Plateau culture, and Lingnan culture; the new agriculture, rural areas and farmers types form the hottest area in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and Yangtze River Delta, and secondary hot spots in the three major agricultural production areas of the Sichuan Basin, the Lanzhou-Xining Urban Agglomeration and the North China Plain. (2) Elevation, landforms, water systems, eco-geographical divisions, types of terrestrial ecosystems, central cities, and arterial roads are the natural geographic exogenous factors that affect different development paths of rural tourism. (3) The social and economic exogenous factors of different development paths of rural tourism are significantly different: the number of high-level scenic spots and the highway passenger carrying capacity in the scenic-dependent types; the number of national traditional villages, the number of A-level scenic spots and the highway passenger carrying capacity in the cultural heritage-based types; the regional tertiary industry output value, per capita disposable income, tourist arrivals, highway passenger traffic, urbanization rate, and government policies in the new agriculture, rural areas and farmers types. Rural tourism is not a universal road. The existence of resources determines different tourism development paths and requires the support of different hidden exogenous factors for sustainable development.

Key words: rural tourism, development path, spatial differentiation, exogenous factors, key rural tourism villages