自然资源学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 1302-1315.doi: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20210516
收稿日期:
2020-05-18
修回日期:
2020-09-03
出版日期:
2021-05-28
发布日期:
2021-07-28
通讯作者:
戴学锋(1963- ),男,北京人,硕士,硕士生导师,研究方向为旅游经济、旅游发展战略。E-mail: 13611138109@163.com作者简介:
龙飞(1983- ),女,内蒙古赤峰人,博士,研究方向为旅游地理,民宿旅游。E-mail: jessielongfei@163.com
基金资助:
LONG Fei1(), DAI Xue-feng1(
), ZHANG Shu-ying2,3
Received:
2020-05-18
Revised:
2020-09-03
Online:
2021-05-28
Published:
2021-07-28
摘要:
大众休闲时代下,民宿旅游已经成为统筹城乡发展、盘活旅游经济、助力乡村振兴和旅游扶贫的新动能。而作为产业集聚的特殊类型和表现方式,民宿旅游集聚区是衡量区域民宿发展水平的重要标志,但对其学术关注明显不足。通过对依托区位(L-Location)、核心旅游资源(R-Resource)、主要动力(D-Dynamic)三要素的内涵提炼,构建民宿旅游集聚发展的L-R-D理论视角,并以民宿发展在全国具有引领作用的长三角地区为案例地进行验证,重点分析了城市景区市场主导型、城郊休闲度假市场主导型、乡村古村落政府主导型、乡村养老市场主导型和乡村景区市场主导型五种典型发展模式,为民宿旅游集聚区提质增效与整合升级提供坚实支撑和科学参考。
龙飞, 戴学锋, 张书颖. 基于L-R-D视角下长三角地区民宿旅游集聚区的发展模式[J]. 自然资源学报, 2021, 36(5): 1302-1315.
LONG Fei, DAI Xue-feng, ZHANG Shu-ying. The development model of homestay tourism agglomeration in Yangtze River Delta from the L-R-D perspective[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2021, 36(5): 1302-1315.
表1
基于L-R-D理论视角的民宿旅游集聚区发展模式"
模式 | 典型代表 | L (区位) | R(核心 旅游资源) | D (主要动力) | 发展特点 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
城市景区市场主导型发展模式 | 杭州市西湖民宿旅游集聚区 | 城市 | 西湖风景名胜区 | 市场主导 | 单体民宿规模较小,面积不大,主要以提供特色住宿体验为主。民宿经营者和经营模式也呈多元化发展态势 |
城郊休闲度假市场主导型发展模式 | 苏州市环太湖地区民宿旅游集聚区 | 城郊 | 太湖风景名胜区 | 市场主导 | 苏州环太湖民宿依托休闲农业,采茶、枇杷、杨梅、黄桃、大闸蟹等农产品丰富,应季采摘活动吸引了很多民宿游客。民宿经营具有很强的季节性 |
乡村古村落政府主导型发展模式 | 丽水市松阳县民宿旅游集 聚区 | 乡村 | 传统古村落 | 政府主导 | 松阳县是写生摄影基地,每年都会有数万名美术家、摄影家、高等院校学生前来创作、写生、实习,为民宿旅游发展提供了稳定客源 |
乡村养老市场主导型发展模式 | 湖州市长兴县水口民宿旅游集聚区 | 乡村 | 养老产业 | 市场主导 | 从上海、苏州、无锡、常州、宁波等主要城市接送老年游客,形成了独具特色的“家门口接送”一站式服务模式 |
乡村景区市场主导型发展模式 | 莫干山民宿旅游集聚区 | 乡村 | 莫干山风景名胜区 | 市场主导 | 莫干山“洋家乐”兴起。莫干山民宿产业开始走精品化、高端化的路线。民宿缴纳税金成为当地财政收入的重要组成部分 |
图3
长三角民宿旅游集聚区分布 注:1. 徐州云龙湖民宿旅游集聚区;2. 洪泽湖民宿旅游集聚区;3. 南京北部民宿旅游集聚区;4. 南京南部民宿旅游集聚区;5. 环茅山民宿旅游集聚区;6. 溧阳天目湖民宿旅游集聚区; 7. 宜兴民宿旅游集聚区;8. 无锡民宿旅游集聚区;9. 周庄民宿旅游集聚区;10. 沙家浜—阳澄湖民宿旅游集聚区;11. 苏州环太湖民宿旅游集聚区;12. 同里民宿旅游集聚区;13. 上海黄浦民宿旅游集聚区;14. 上海浦东新区民宿旅游集聚区;15. 西塘民宿旅游集聚区;16. 乌镇民宿旅游集聚区;17. 长兴县水口乡民宿旅游集聚区;18. 安吉民宿旅游集聚区;19. 莫干山民宿旅游集聚区;20. 杭州西湖民宿旅游集聚区;21. 临安民宿旅游集聚区;22. 富春江民宿旅游集聚区;23. 丽水松阳县民宿旅游集聚区;24. 绍兴民宿旅游集聚区;25. 温岭民宿旅游集聚区;26. 余姚四明山民宿旅游集聚区;27. 舟山民宿旅游集聚区;28. 象山民宿旅游集聚区;29. 宁海民宿旅游集聚区;30. 天台山民宿旅游集聚区"
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