基于L-R-D视角下长三角地区民宿旅游集聚区的发展模式

doi:10.31497/zrzyxb.20210516

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

大众休闲时代下,民宿旅游已经成为统筹城乡发展、盘活旅游经济、助力乡村振兴和旅游扶贫的新动能。而作为产业集聚的特殊类型和表现方式,民宿旅游集聚区是衡量区域民宿发展水平的重要标志,但对其学术关注明显不足。通过对依托区位（L-Location）、核心旅游资源（R-Resource）、主要动力（D-Dynamic）三要素的内涵提炼,构建民宿旅游集聚发展的L-R-D理论视角,并以民宿发展在全国具有引领作用的长三角地区为案例地进行验证,重点分析了城市景区市场主导型、城郊休闲度假市场主导型、乡村古村落政府主导型、乡村养老市场主导型和乡村景区市场主导型五种典型发展模式,为民宿旅游集聚区提质增效与整合升级提供坚实支撑和科学参考。

关键词: 民宿旅游集聚区, 发展模式, L-R-D, 长三角地区

Abstract:

In the era of mass leisure, homestay tourism has become a new driving force for balancing urban and rural development, invigorating the tourism economy, and helping rural revitalization and poverty alleviation. As a special type and manifestation of industrial agglomeration, homestay tourism agglomeration area is an important symbol to measure the development level of homestay tourism. But relevant academic attention is obviously insufficient. Based on the connotation of three elements of L-location, R-resource and D-dynamic, the paper constructs the L-R-D theory of the development of homestay tourism agglomeration. Taking the Yangtze River Delta, where homestay development plays a leading role in China, as a case, this paper mainly analyzes five development models of urban scenic market-oriented mode, suburban leisure market-oriented mode, historic village market-oriented mode, rural aging industry market-oriented mode and rural leisure market-oriented mode. It provides solid support and scientific reference for improving quality and increasing efficiency, and integrating and upgrading in homestay tourism agglomeration areas.

Key words: homestay tourism agglomeration area, development model, L-R-D, Yangtze River Delta

龙飞, 戴学锋, 张书颖. 基于L-R-D视角下长三角地区民宿旅游集聚区的发展模式[J]. 自然资源学报, 2021, 36(5): 1302-1315.

LONG Fei, DAI Xue-feng, ZHANG Shu-ying. The development model of homestay tourism agglomeration in Yangtze River Delta from the L-R-D perspective[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2021, 36(5): 1302-1315.

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模式	典型代表	L （区位）	R（核心旅游资源）	D （主要动力）	发展特点
城市景区市场主导型发展模式	杭州市西湖民宿旅游集聚区	城市	西湖风景名胜区	市场主导	单体民宿规模较小,面积不大,主要以提供特色住宿体验为主。民宿经营者和经营模式也呈多元化发展态势
城郊休闲度假市场主导型发展模式	苏州市环太湖地区民宿旅游集聚区	城郊	太湖风景名胜区	市场主导	苏州环太湖民宿依托休闲农业,采茶、枇杷、杨梅、黄桃、大闸蟹等农产品丰富,应季采摘活动吸引了很多民宿游客。民宿经营具有很强的季节性
乡村古村落政府主导型发展模式	丽水市松阳县民宿旅游集聚区	乡村	传统古村落	政府主导	松阳县是写生摄影基地,每年都会有数万名美术家、摄影家、高等院校学生前来创作、写生、实习,为民宿旅游发展提供了稳定客源
乡村养老市场主导型发展模式	湖州市长兴县水口民宿旅游集聚区	乡村	养老产业	市场主导	从上海、苏州、无锡、常州、宁波等主要城市接送老年游客,形成了独具特色的“家门口接送”一站式服务模式
乡村景区市场主导型发展模式	莫干山民宿旅游集聚区	乡村	莫干山风景名胜区	市场主导	莫干山“洋家乐”兴起。莫干山民宿产业开始走精品化、高端化的路线。民宿缴纳税金成为当地财政收入的重要组成部分