吕梁山连片贫困区南部水资源实物量表特征

doi:10.31497/zrzyxb.20210208

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为实现区域水资源的优化配置及区域经济、社会和水资源的协调持续发展,查明区域水资源实物量,选取水资源生态极为脆弱的吕梁山连片贫困区的南部地区,基于2008—2017年的水资源数据,编制区域水资源实物量表,分析水资源实物量的时空分布特征。结果表明：（1）吕梁山南部贫困区水资源实物存量在研究期内呈明显增加趋势,增长值（含重复计算量）高达6101×10⁴m³,其中地表水实物存量期间增长最快,地下水实物存量期间增长较慢;第一产业用水增加明显,这与区域高耗水的经果林大面积推广种植有关。（2）居民生活用水增长明显,人均生活用水量增加较快,居民生活用水是当地水资源实物存量变化的主要影响因素。（3）研究区各县水资源实物量空间分布差异大,县域间水资源平均存量最大相差3971.4 m³;单位面积平均水资源存量及单位面积平均水资源实际使用量均为隰县最多,吉县最少;隰县人均生活用水量最多,汾西县人均生活用水量最少。（4）实际用水量与水资源总量相关程度高,水资源的存量在一定程度上制约了水资源的实际使用量。研究结果对于区域水资源优化配置及吕梁山连片贫困区早日实现脱贫攻坚具有重要的科学指导意义。

关键词: 吕梁山连片贫困区, 水资源实物量核算, 水资源实物量表, 时空分布

Abstract:

In order to realize the optimal allocation of regional water resources and the coordinated and sustainable development of regional economy, society and water resources, and to ascertain the physical quantity of regional water resources, this paper chose the southern part of the Lyuliang Mountainous Contiguous Poverty-stricken Area, where the water resources ecology is extremely fragile, as a case study. Based on the actual water resources data from 2008 to 2017, we compiled the regional water resources physical quantity and analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of water resources. The results show that: (1) The physical quantity of water resources in the study area showed a significant increasing trend during the study period, with the growth value (including their duplicate) as high as 6101×10⁴ m³. During the study period, the physical stock of surface water increased fast, while the physical stock of groundwater increased slowly. The water consumption in the primary industry increased significantly, which was caused by large-scale promotion of high-water-consumption fruit trees in the region; (2) Residents' water consumption increased significantly, and the per capita water consumption increased rapidly. Residents' water consumption is the main factor affecting the physical stock of local water resources. (3) A larger difference in spatial distribution of water resources can be observed in the study area. The average stock of water resources between counties differs by a maximum of 3971.4 m³; the average water resources per unit area and the actual use of water resources per unit area are the highest in Xixian county, but the lowest in Jixian county. The per capita living water consumption is the highest in Xixian county, while the per capita living water consumption is the least in Fenxi county. (4) There is a high correlation between actual water consumption and total water resources, and the stock of water resources restricts the actual use of water resources to a certain extent. The results of this study have important scientific guiding significance for the optimal allocation of regional water resources and the realization of poverty alleviation in contiguous poverty-stricken areas of the Lyuliang Mountains.

Key words: Lyuliang Mountainous Poverty-stricken Area, physical quantity accounting of water resources, physical scale of water resources, spatial and temporal distribution

孙从建, 贾焰文, 李新功, 张永清, 孙九林. 吕梁山连片贫困区南部水资源实物量表特征[J]. 自然资源学报, 2021, 36(2): 372-383.

SUN Cong-jian, JIA Yan-wen, LI Xin-gong, ZHANG Yong-qing, SUN Jiu-lin. Characteristics of water resources in the southern part of the Lyuliang Mountainous Poverty-stricken Area[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2021, 36(2): 372-383.

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类型	期初	期间	期末
水资源存量	期初存量	期间存量变动值	期末存量
地表水	期初地表水存量	期间地表水变动值	期末地表水存量
地下水	期初地下水存量	期间地下水变动值	期末地下水存量
重复计算量	期初重复计算量	期间重复计算量变动值	期末重复计算量
存量增加值		期间存量增加值
降水		期间降水总量
流入与调出水量		期间流入流出水总量
社会经济回归水量		期间社会经济回归水量
其他水源水量		期间其他水源水量
存量减少值		期间存量减少值
第一产业用水		期间一产用水量
第二产业用水		期间二产用水量
第三产业用水		期间三产用水量
居民生活用水		期间居民用水量
生态		期间生态用水量
流出与调用水量		期间流出调出水总量
非用水耗水量		期间非用水耗水量

类型	区域1	区域2	区域3	…	区域n
期初存量
地表水
地下水
重复计算量
存量增加值
降水
流入与调出水量
社会经济回归水量
其他水源水量
存量减少值
第一产业用水
第二产业用水
第三产业用水
居民生活用水
生态
流出与调用水量
非用水耗水量
期末存量
地表水
地下水
重复计算量
存量变化值

级别	C值	水资源利用程度及开发潜力	水资源进一步开发评价
Ⅰ	>10	很高,潜力很小	艰难,有条件时需要外流域调水
Ⅱ	5~10	高,潜力小	开发条件很困难
Ⅲ	2~5	中等,潜力较大	开发条件中等
Ⅳ	1~2	较低,潜力大	开发条件较容易
Ⅴ	0~1	低,潜力很大	兴建中小工程,开发容易

类型	期初	期间	期末
水资源存量	7483	6101	13584
地表水	6647	6522	13169
地下水	6957	2970	9927
重复计算量	6121	3391	9512
存量增加值		3427210
存量减少值		18954.86
第一产业用水		10435.97
第二产业用水		1008.19
第三产业用水		241.04
居民生活用水		7004.06
生态		190.23

类型	吉县	大宁县	隰县	永和县	汾西县
期初存量	1929	1140	1672	1470	1272
地表水	1844	1129	1620	1433	621
地下水	1794	1056	1637	1340	1130
重复计算量	1709	1045	1585	1303	479
存量增加值	938700	546140	780500	661670	500200
存量减少值	3811.99	2668.6	5888.87	2968.04	3617.36
第一产业用水	1405.54	1703.1	4114.88	1981.44	1231.01
第二产业用水	266.85	88.89	154.96	108.5	388.99
第三产业用水	74.2	47.88	69.4	29.7	19.86
居民生活用水	2035	795.43	1409.43	835.2	1929
生态	3.4	33.43	114	24.9	14.5
期末存量	3566	2160	3191	2688	1979
地表水	3486	2120	3074	2668	1821
地下水	2536	1749	2743	1507	1392
重复计算量	2456	1709	2626	1487	1234
存量变化值	1637	1020	1519	1218	707