采伐与人工更新对红壤丘陵区森林面积和地上生物量的影响模拟——以会同县磨哨林场为例

doi:10.31497/zrzyxb.20201214

自然资源学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (12): 2995-3006.doi: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20201214

采伐与人工更新对红壤丘陵区森林面积和地上生物量的影响模拟——以会同县磨哨林场为例

戴尔阜¹^,²(), 汪晓帆³(), 朱建佳⁴, 王晓莉⁵

1.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室,拉萨高原生态系统研究站,北京 100101
2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
3.中国国土勘测规划院,自然资源部土地利用重点实验室,北京 100035
4.河北科技师范学院园艺科技学院,秦皇岛 066004
5.国家海洋信息中心,天津 300171

收稿日期:2019-05-10 修回日期:2020-04-26 出版日期:2020-12-28 发布日期:2020-12-18
通讯作者: 汪晓帆 E-mail:daief@igsnrr.ac.cn;wangxf.12b@igsnrr.ac.cn
作者简介:戴尔阜（1972- ）,男,甘肃平凉人,博士,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事综合自然地理研究、气候变化及其区域响应以及土地利用变化模拟研究。E-mail: daief@igsnrr.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1502903);国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1508805);中国科学院A 类战略性先导科技专项(XDA19040304);国家自然科学基金项目(41530749)

Modeling the long-term impacts of harvest and artificial regeneration on forest area and aboveground biomass in Red Soil Hilly Region: A case study in Moshao forest farm of Huitong county

DAI Er-fu¹^,²(), WANG Xiao-fan³(), ZHU Jian-jia⁴, WANG Xiao-li⁵

1. Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3. China Land Surveying and Planning Institute, Key Laboratory of Land Use, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China
4. College of Horticulture Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, China
5. National Marine Data and Information Service Center, Tianjin 300171, China

Received:2019-05-10 Revised:2020-04-26 Online:2020-12-28 Published:2020-12-18
Contact: Xiao-fan WANG E-mail:daief@igsnrr.ac.cn;wangxf.12b@igsnrr.ac.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

我国人工林生态系统正面临着结构退化、功能降低等问题,迫切需要通过合理的森林管理方案实施有效的管理措施加以改善。本文以湖南省会同县磨哨林场为研究区,应用生态系统过程模型PnET-II和森林景观模型LANDIS-II,采用情景模拟的方式研究未来100年低、中、高强度的采伐措施以及人工更新对森林面积和地上生物量的影响。结果表明：（1）随着采伐强度增加,人工针叶林面积持续减少、森林AGB下降幅度加大;（2）人工更新措施能够使人工针叶林面积保持稳定,促进其AGB积累,有利于人工林更新与生长;（3）对人工林采取中等强度采伐且实施伐后人工更新的管理方案有利于我国南方以杉木（Cunninghamia lanceolata）、马尾松（Pinus massoniana）为主要树种的人工林地区实现森林可持续经营。

关键词: 森林管理, 采伐, 人工更新, 森林面积, 地上生物量

Abstract:

Plantations in China are facing a series of issues, such as structure degradation and function reduction. Thus, it is urgently requested to implement effective measures on plantations through reasonable forest management strategies. The Moshao forest farm of Huitong ecological station, which is a typical forest ecosystem in Red Soil Hilly Region of South China, is the study area to examine the dynamics of forest area and aboveground biomass (AGB) in the next century. The landscape disturbance model named LANDIS-II was employed in this study to simulate the effects of harvesting intensities and artificial regeneration on artificial coniferous forest, artificial broad-leaved forest, and natural broad-leaved forest by six scenarios. The scenarios included low, middle, high harvest intensity and each scenario had an artificial regeneration option after harvesting. The results showed that as the harvesting intensity went heavier, the area of artificial coniferous forest decreased. Conversely, natural forest area increased. And the forest AGB decreased sharply when the harvesting intensity was high. Plantations could take advantages of artificial regeneration to remain the area and facilitate the AGB accumulation. The scheme of harvesting with 20% of plantations every 10 years and followed by artificial regeneration would basically retained the area and AGB at the initial level in the next century. Therefore, this scheme was more applicable to the long term development of the forest in the study area and helpful to achieve the forest sustainable management of Chinese fir and masson pine plantations.

Key words: forest management, harvest, artificial regeneration, forest area, aboveground biomass

戴尔阜, 汪晓帆, 朱建佳, 王晓莉. 采伐与人工更新对红壤丘陵区森林面积和地上生物量的影响模拟——以会同县磨哨林场为例[J]. 自然资源学报, 2020, 35(12): 2995-3006.

DAI Er-fu, WANG Xiao-fan, ZHU Jian-jia, WANG Xiao-li. Modeling the long-term impacts of harvest and artificial regeneration on forest area and aboveground biomass in Red Soil Hilly Region: A case study in Moshao forest farm of Huitong county[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2020, 35(12): 2995-3006.

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模式	天然林采伐			人工林采伐			人工更新（Y/N）
模式	比例/%	斑块/hm²	年龄/年	比例/%	斑块/hm²	年龄/年	人工更新（Y/N）
NH	——			——			N
LH	5	0.01	杉木31	10	0.01	杉木21	N
LH+AR	5	0.01	马尾松36	10	0.01	马尾松31	Y
MH	5	0.01	湿地松31	20	0.05	湿地松21	N
MH+AR	5	0.01	速阔21	20	0.05	速阔14	Y
HH	5	0.01	中阔36	30	0.1	中阔26	N
HH+AR	5	0.01	慢阔51	30	0.1	慢阔41	Y

森林类型	观测样地	AGB模拟结果	AGB实测结果
人工针叶林	杉木林	142.17	176.82
人工阔叶林	木荷—伯乐林	116.15	112.64
天然次生阔叶林	红栲—青冈—刨花润楠林	267.11	284.78

采伐与人工更新对红壤丘陵区森林面积和地上生物量的影响模拟——以会同县磨哨林场为例

Modeling the long-term impacts of harvest and artificial regeneration on forest area and aboveground biomass in Red Soil Hilly Region: A case study in Moshao forest farm of Huitong county

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树种	寿命/年	结实年龄/年	耐荫性	耐火性	种子有效传播距离/m	萌条率
杉木 Cunninghamia lanceolata	200	10	3	1	50	0.35
马尾松 Pinus massoniana	200	10	3	2	200	0
火力楠 Michelia macclurei	300	10	3	2	200	0
红栲 Castanopsis fargesii	300	20	4	4	20	0.35
木荷 Schima superba	500	30	4	4	20	0.4
湿地松 Pinuselliottii	300	30	4	4	40	0.6
刨花润楠 Machilus pauhoi	200	30	4	4	30	0.6
伯乐 Bretschneidera sinensis	200	30	4	3	20	0.5
青冈 Cyclobalanopsis glauca	200	7	4	3	10	0.4
樟树 Cinnamomum camphora	300	15	3	3	20	0.35
白栎 Quercus fabri	300	15	3	3	10	0.35
刺楸 Kalopanax septemlobus	300	20	3	4	20	0.4
枫香 Liquidambar formosana	200	8	3	3	100	0.5
笔罗子 Meliosma rigida	300	8	4	3	20	0.5

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