自然资源学报

自然资源学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 1201-1215.doi: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20200515

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于贫困识别和精准帮扶的种植业产业效率——来自家庭微观数据的证据

王刚1,2, 廖和平1,2, 洪惠坤1,2, 陈一明3, 李涛1,2   

  1. 1.西南大学地理科学学院,重庆 400715;
    2.西南大学精准扶贫与区域发展评估研究中心,重庆 400715;
    3.西南大学经济管理学院,重庆 400715
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-22 出版日期:2020-05-28 发布日期:2020-05-28
  • 通讯作者: 廖和平（1964- ）,女,重庆璧山人,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为国土资源与区域发展、精准扶贫与乡村振兴。E-mail: liaohp@swu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王刚（1983- ）,男,甘肃张掖人,博士研究生,研究方向为国土资源与区域发展、精准扶贫与乡村振兴。E-mail: 624888339@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（41701611）; 中央高校基本科研业务费专项（SWU1909518）; 重庆市社会科学规划项目（2018BS86）

Research on planting industrial efficiency based on poverty identification and targeted assistance: Evidence from farmers' household micro-data

WANG Gang1,2, LIAO He-ping1,2, HONG Hui-kun1,2, CHEN Yi-ming3, LI Tao1,2   

  1. 1. School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;
    2. Southwestern University Center for Precision Poverty Alleviation and Regional Development Assessment, Chongqing 400715, China;
    3. College of Economics and Management, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
  • Received:2019-03-22 Online:2020-05-28 Published:2020-05-28

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摘要： 产业帮扶是精准扶贫的重要内容,贫困识别及精准帮扶对扶贫产业效率的影响值得深入研究。基于重庆市石柱土家族自治县534个农户的调研数据,运用经典统计学分析框架检验了贫困识别和精准帮扶后村域之间及农户之间的种植业产业效率差异,并分析了差异形成的关键因素。结果表明：（1）贫困识别及精准帮扶显著促进了种植业产业效率的提高,贫困村的效率绝对值高于非贫困村,脱贫户的效率绝对值高于贫困户;（2）政策因素是造成贫困村与非贫困村、贫困户与脱贫户之间种植业效率差异显著的关键因素,其中,道路等基础设施建设及特色种植业对贫困村、脱贫户的影响尤为突出;（3）年龄对贫困地区种植业产业效率的影响呈现“U”型趋势,55~60岁属于产业效率提升的拐点;（4）高中及以上教育水平会促进种植业产业效率的提高,但农户仅具有不等年限的义务教育阶段受教育水平对其效率提升作用不明显。建议继续实施产业帮扶政策并建立绩效考核长效机制,确保贫困人口经济收入的稳步增长,缓解贫困村与非贫困村及贫困户与非贫困户间发展失衡的矛盾;提升贫困地区农业劳动力的人力资本水平可以提高扶贫产业效率。

关键词: 贫困识别, 精准扶贫, 石柱土家族自治县, 贫困化, 产业扶贫效率

Abstract: Industrial assistance is one of the most important parts of targeted poverty alleviation, the impact of poverty identification and targeted assistance on the efficiency of poverty alleviation industry is worth of further study. Based on the survey data of 534 farmers in Shizhu Tujia Autonomous county, Chongqing, this paper applied the classical statistical analysis framework to test the differences in planting industry efficiency between villages and farmers after poverty identification, and further explored the formation of differences. The results show that: (1) Poverty identification and targeted assistance significantly promote the efficiency of the planting industry, especially in the poverty-stricken villages and the poor households. (2) The policy is the key factor that causes significant differences in planting efficiency between poor and non-poor villages and households. Among them, infrastructure construction such as road construction, and characteristic planting industries have a particularly strong impact on poverty-stricken villages and poor households. (3) The effect of age on the efficiency of the planting industry in poverty-stricken areas shows a "U-shaped" pattern, in which 55 to 60 years old is an efficiency turning point. (4) Farmers with high school education and above can promote the efficiency of the planting industry. Therefore, in order to resolve the unbalanced contradictory problem, the local governments should continue to implement industrial assistance policies and establish a long-term mechanism to ensure the steady growth of poor people's income, and improve the agricultural labor force in poverty-stricken areas, as well as increase the level of human capital.

Key words: identification of poverty, industrial poverty alleviation efficiency, Shizhu Tujia Autonomous county, pauperization, targeted poverty alleviation