基于生态系统服务的汾河源头区域生态安全格局优化

doi:10.31497/zrzyxb.20200406

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 生态安全格局的优化是保障区域生态安全,维护生态系统稳定和提升生态系统服务的重要空间途径。以汾河源头区域为例,定量评估产水量、生境质量、土壤保持量三种生态系统服务,利用热点分析法识别重要的生态源地,考虑到河流在生态系统中复杂的作用机制,构建了两种模式的生态安全格局,并在此基础上提出了综合生态安全格局。研究结果表明：汾河源头区域共19个生态源地,占研究区面积的16.59%,三种模式分别构建了33条、42条、43条潜在生态廊道。网络结构评估结果表明：三种模式均可生成闭合的生态网络,优化后的生态廊道总长度为565.957 km,网络闭合度、节点连接率及网络连接度较高,成本比较小。此外,共识别了35个生态断裂点,明确了生态保护与修复建设的重点区域,以期为区域生态保护与修复规划提供空间指引。

关键词: 生态系统服务, 热点分析, 生态安全格局, 生态廊道, 汾河源头区域

Abstract: The optimization of the ecological security pattern is an important spatial way to ensure regional ecological security, maintain ecosystem stability and enhance ecosystem service. Taking the source area of Fenhe River Basin as an example, this paper quantitatively evaluated ecosystem services including water production, habitat quality and soil conservation, and used hot spot analysis to identify important ecological sources. Considering the complex mechanism of rivers in ecosystems, this paper established two ecological security patterns, and on this basis, put forward a comprehensive ecological security pattern. The results showed that there were 19 ecological sources in the source area of Fenhe River Basin, accounting for 16.59% of the total study area. Three ecological security patterns established 33, 42 and 43 potential ecological corridors respectively. The network structure evaluation results showed that three patterns could generate a closed ecological network. The total length of the optimized ecological corridor is 565.957 km, and comprehensive ecological security pattern had higher network closure, node connection rate and network connectivity, and the cost was relatively low. In addition, 35 ecological breakpoints were identified, and key areas for ecological protection and restoration construction were determined. This pattern can provide spatial guidance for regional ecological protection and restoration planning.

Key words: hotspot analysis, ecological security pattern, ecosystem services, the source area of Fenhe River Basin, ecological corridor

和娟, 师学义, 付扬军. 基于生态系统服务的汾河源头区域生态安全格局优化[J]. 自然资源学报, 2020, 35(4): 814-825.

HE Juan, SHI Xue-yi, FU Yang-jun. Optimization of ecological security pattern in the source area of Fenhe River Basin based on ecosystem services[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2020, 35(4): 814-825.

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