自然资源学报

自然资源学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 141-161.doi: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20200113

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于“要素—景观—系统”框架的江苏省长江沿线生态修复格局分析与对策

韩博1, 金晓斌1,2,3, 项晓敏1, 赵庆利4, 林金煌1, 洪长桥1, 金志丰5, 胡静6, 周寅康1,2,3   

  1. 1. 南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,南京 210023;
    2. 自然资源部海岸带开发与保护重点实验室,南京 210023;
    3. 江苏省土地开发整理技术工程中心,南京 210023;
    4. 自然资源部国土整治中心,北京 100035;
    5. 江苏省国土资源研究中心（智库）,南京 210023;
    6. 重庆市农村土地整治中心,重庆 401121
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-23 修回日期:2019-12-05 出版日期:2020-01-28 发布日期:2020-01-28
  • 通讯作者: 金晓斌（1974- ）,男,甘肃兰州人,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事土地资源管理研究。E-mail: jinxb@nju.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:韩博（1995- ）,男,河南新乡人,博士研究生,主要从事国土整治与生态修复研究。E-mail: mg1727028@smail.nju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家科技支撑计划项目（2015BAD06B02）

Exploration of ecological restoration pattern and countermeasure along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu province based on the "element-landscape-system" framework

HAN Bo1, JIN Xiao-bin1,2,3, XIANG Xiao-min1, ZHAO Qing-li4, LIN Jin-huang1, HONG Chang-qiao1, JIN Zhi-feng5, HU Jing6, ZHOU Yin-kang1,2,3   

  1. 1. School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Exploitation and Protection, Ministry of Natural Resources, Nanjing 210023, China;
    3. Jiangsu Land Development and Consolidation Technology Engineering Center, Nanjing 210023, China;
    4. Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China;
    5. Land and Resources Research Center (Think Tank) of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210023, China;
    6. Chongqing Rural Land Consolidation Center, Chongqing 401121, China
  • Received:2019-10-23 Revised:2019-12-05 Online:2020-01-28 Published:2020-01-28

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摘要：

在当前中国生态文明建设和绿色发展征程中,实施尺度、要素、途径复合的国土空间生态修复是解决区域系统性生态问题的重要途径。针对江苏省长江沿线地区这一生态保护与经济发展矛盾突出区域,基于“要素—景观—系统”框架构建生态修复潜力评价体系,采用K-means聚类分析、Getis-Ord Gi*热点分析等方法识别生态修复分区与热点,构建由点、线（带）、面组成的生态修复格局,提出生态管控与修复对策。研究结果表明：（1）生态修复具有多尺度性、对象复合性及途径多样性,在宏观、中观、微观尺度下具有不同的对象、目标与途径,并可以通过不同级别与类型规划进行衔接;（2）研究区要素层生态修复潜力平均值为0.460,空间分布呈“大分散、小集聚”的特征,景观层生态修复潜力热点区分布于环长江入海口区域,冷点区分布于扬泰平原区,根据系统层评价指标可将研究区划为5个聚类分区;（3）根据评价结果可以构建“五区、三带、两核心”生态修复总体格局,并在发展导向、空间管控策略、工程措施等方面提出生态修复对策。本文可为江苏省沿江区域生态修复规划编制、生态修复内涵与实施范式探索提供参考借鉴。

关键词: 生态规划, 长江, 生态修复, 格局分析, 江苏省

Abstract:

As a global issue, ecological restoration demands for urgent practice and research in the way of Ecological Civilization construction and green development in China. In a narrow sense, ecological restoration mainly refers to ecological engineering and environmental protection measures. In the face of increasingly complex, systematic and regional ecological problems, it has become a consensus to implement multi-scale, multi-path and multi-element systematic ecological restoration. Aiming at the area along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu province, which is the most contradictory area between ecological protection and economic development, this paper used the methods of qualitative and quantitative to identify ecological problems, and used the relevant theories and methods of land use science, landscape ecology and human-land system to construct the evaluation system of ecological restoration potential from the perspective of "element-landscape-system". Based on Getis-Ord Gi* hot spot analysis and K-means cluster methods, this paper identified ecological restoration zones and hot spots, so as to build an ecological restoration pattern structure composed of points, lines (belts) and areas, and put forward corresponding countermeasures. The results show that: (1) Ecological restoration has multi-scale character, complex-objects character and multi-approaches character. Different scales of ecological restoration have different objects, approaches and objectives, which are connected by different levels and types of planning; (2) The average value of ecological restoration potential at the factor level of the study area is 0.460, and the spatial distribution is characterized by "large scale dispersion and small scale agglomeration". The hot spots of ecological restoration potential at the landscape level are distributed around the Yangtze River Estuary, and the cold spots are distributed in the Yang-Tai plain. According to the evaluation indexes of social economy, ecological function and planning response, the study area can be divided into five clusters; (3) According to the evaluation results, the ecological restoration structure of "five areas, three belts and two cores" can be constructed, and the countermeasures can be put forward in the aspects of development orientation, spatial control strategy, restoration object, engineering measures and so on. This study can provide reference for the compilation of ecological restoration planning of the area along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu province, the exploration of connotation and implementation paradigm.

Key words: ecological planning, ecological restoration, Jiangsu province, structure analysis, Yangtze River