面向配额分配模拟的工业行业碳排放绩效——以郑州市为例

doi:10.31497/zrzyxb.20190510

自然资源学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 1027-1040.doi: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20190510

面向配额分配模拟的工业行业碳排放绩效——以郑州市为例

丁明磊^1,²(), 李宇翔³, 赵荣钦²(), 张战平², 侯丽朋², 刘秉涛⁴, 刘薇⁵

1. 华中师范大学可持续发展研究中心,武汉 430079
2. 华北水利水电大学测绘与地理信息学院,郑州 450046
3. 云南大学国际河流与生态安全研究院,昆明 650091
4. 华北水利水电大学环境与市政工程学院,郑州 450046
5. 华东师范大学地理科学学院,上海 200241

收稿日期:2018-12-01 修回日期:2019-03-14 出版日期:2019-05-28 发布日期:2019-05-28
作者简介:
作者简介：丁明磊（1976- ）,男,河南开封人,博士研究生,讲师,研究方向为低碳发展、区域与城市可持续发展。E-mail: mlding@126.com
基金资助:
教育部人文社科项目（17YJCZH257）;国家自然科学基金项目（41301633）;河南省自然科学基金项目（182300410103）;河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划（2017GGJS078）

Carbon emission performance of quota allocation simulation-oriented industry: The case study of Zhengzhou

Ming-lei DING^1,²(), Yu-xiang LI³, Rong-qin ZHAO²(), Zhan-ping ZHANG², Li-peng HOU², Bing-tao LIU⁴, Wei LIU⁵

1. Research Institute of Sustainable Development, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
2. College of Surveying and Geo-informatics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China
3. Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
4. School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China
5. School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China

Received:2018-12-01 Revised:2019-03-14 Online:2019-05-28 Published:2019-05-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

开展工业行业碳排放绩效研究,对于落实碳减排承诺、完善碳交易体制、推动低碳产业发展具有重要意义。采用郑州市2013年181家工业企业的基础数据,通过构建碳排放综合绩效指标体系和配额分配模型,开展不同行业的综合绩效评价和配额分配模拟。主要结论如下：（1）不同行业的碳排放强度分布极不均衡且与碳排放总量具有一定的关联性,但关联类型不尽相同。电力、热力生产和供应业的碳排放强度最高（5.4115 t/万元）,烟草制品业的碳排放强度最低（0.0046 t/万元）。（2）不同行业单位用地碳排放量、单位劳动力碳排放量差异较大。电力、热力生产和供应业的单位用地碳排放及单位劳动力碳排放明显高于其他行业。（3）碳排放综合绩效表明,电力、热力生产和供应业的碳排放绩效最低,汽车制造业的碳排放绩效最高。（4）不同行业因综合绩效的差异获得与基准年碳排放不同增减比例的配额,其中,电力、热力生产和供应业获得的配额最多,化学纤维制造业获得的配额最少。通过碳配额分配模拟,郑州市整体减排18.206万t,减排比例为5.56%。（5）建议完善行业配额分配方案,并试点实施以碳排放综合绩效评价为基础的行业配额分配,实现资源节约、环境保护和碳减排的协同。

关键词: 碳排放, 绩效, 配额分配, 行业, 郑州

Abstract:

The research on performance of industrial carbon emission is of great significance to the implementation of carbon emission reduction commitment, the improvement of carbon trading system and the promotion of low-carbon development. Based on the basic data of 181 industrial enterprises in Zhengzhou in 2013, the comprehensive performance evaluation and quota allocation simulation of different industries were carried out by constructing the comprehensive performance index system and quota allocation model of carbon emission. The conclusions are as follows: (1) The distribution of carbon emission intensity of different industries is extremely uneven and is associated to the total carbon emission to some extent, yet the types of associations are different. The carbon emission intensity of electric power, thermal power production and supply industry was the highest (5.4115 t/10000 yuan), while the carbon emission intensity of tobacco manufacturing industry was the lowest (0.0046 t/10000 yuan). (2) Carbon emission of per unit land and per unit labor varies greatly among different industries. The carbon emission per unit land and per unit labor of the electric power and thermal power production and supply industry is obviously higher than that of other industries. (3) The comprehensive performance of carbon emission shows that the lowest carbon emission performance is for electric power, thermal production and supply industries, and the highest for the automobile manufacturing industry. (4) Due to the difference in comprehensive performance of different industries, the quota with different proportions of increase or decrease of carbon emission in the base year is obtained. Electric power, thermal power production and supply industry take the most proportion of quota, while chemical fiber manufacturing industry gets the least. Through carbon quota allocation simulation, we found that the overall emission reduction of Zhengzhou is 182.06 million t, accounting for 5.56%. (5) It is suggested to improve the scheme of industry quota allocation and implement industry quota allocation experimentally based on the comprehensive performance evaluation of carbon emission, so as to achieve the coordination of resource conservation, environmental protection and carbon emission reduction.

Key words: carbon emission, performance, quota allocation, industry, Zhengzhou

丁明磊, 李宇翔, 赵荣钦, 张战平, 侯丽朋, 刘秉涛, 刘薇. 面向配额分配模拟的工业行业碳排放绩效——以郑州市为例[J]. 自然资源学报, 2019, 34(5): 1027-1040.

Ming-lei DING, Yu-xiang LI, Rong-qin ZHAO, Zhan-ping ZHANG, Li-peng HOU, Bing-tao LIU, Wei LIU. Carbon emission performance of quota allocation simulation-oriented industry: The case study of Zhengzhou[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2019, 34(5): 1027-1040.

图/表 9

图1

表1

表2

碳排放效率指标"

指标	公式	参数说明
单位用地碳排放	$C L = C E S$	单位用地碳排放（C_L）为企业碳排放总量（C_E）与企业占地面积（S）的比值（t/m²）,反映企业用地的碳排放效率
单位劳动力碳排放	$L C = C E L$	单位劳动力碳排放（L_C）为企业碳排放总量（C_E）与企业员工数（L）的比值（t/人）,反映企业员工的碳排放效率
碳排放强度	$C Q = C E G$	碳排放强度（C_Q）为企业碳排放总量（C_E）与企业总产值（G）的比值（t/万元）,用于衡量企业碳排放的经济效率
单位产值耗水量	$C W = T W G$	单位产值耗水量（G_W）为企业总用水量（T_W）与企业总产值（G）的比值（t/万元）,用来反映企业的水资源利用效率
废弃物排放强度	$W Q = T Q G$	废弃物排放强度（W_Q）为废弃物排放总量（T_Q）与企业总产值（G）的比值（t/万元）,即单位产值的废弃物排放量

表2

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

表3

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行业代码	行业名称	企业数量/个	行业代码	行业名称	企业数量/个
B06	煤炭开采和洗选业	2	C13	农副食品加工业	7
C14	食品制造业	11	C15	酒、饮料和精制茶制造业	7
C16	烟草制品业	1	C17	纺织业	3
C18	纺织服装、服饰业	1	C22	造纸和纸制品业	13
C23	印刷和记录媒介复制业	3	C26	化学原料和化学制品制造业	18
C27	医药制造业	10	C28	化学纤维制造业	1
C29	橡胶和塑料制品业	2	C30	非金属矿物制品业	64
C31	黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业	7	C32	有色金属冶炼和压延加工业	8
C33	金属制品业	3	C34	通用设备制造业	3
C35	专用设备制造业	5	C36	汽车制造业	5
C39	计算机、通信和其他电子设备制造业	1	D44	电力、热力生产和供应业	6

行业代码	综合绩效	基准年碳排放/万t	碳配额 /万t	比例 /%	行业代码	综合绩效	基准年碳排放/万t	碳配额 /万t	比例 /%
B06	0.3517	0.254	0.247	-2.54	C28	0.3496	0.024	0.024	-2.78
C13	0.4312	0.715	0.721	0.95	C29	0.3540	0.125	0.122	-2.27
C14	0.4725	9.680	9.852	1.77	C30	0.4120	68.743	69.138	0.57
C15	0.5526	2.946	3.045	3.36	C31	0.3885	4.282	4.287	0.11
C16	0.7825	0.447	0.482	7.91	C32	0.5052	17.151	17.566	2.42
C17	0.3591	0.559	0.549	-1.70	C33	0.3519	0.316	0.308	-2.52
C18	0.3509	0.048	0.046	-2.63	C34	0.3956	0.692	0.693	0.25
C22	0.3880	8.027	8.035	0.10	C35	0.6026	0.399	0.416	4.35
C23	0.3592	0.039	0.038	-1.68	C36	0.8883	1.744	1.918	10.00
C26	0.3731	9.835	9.826	-0.10	C39	0.3476	0.378	0.367	-3.01
C27	0.3009	1.821	1.669	-8.32	D44	0.2862	193.320	173.988	-10.00

面向配额分配模拟的工业行业碳排放绩效——以郑州市为例

Carbon emission performance of quota allocation simulation-oriented industry: The case study of Zhengzhou

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