河南省不同产业碳水足迹效率研究

doi:10.31497/zrzyxb.20190108

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

碳水关联分析是当前区域可持续发展研究的重要方向之一。从区域碳水耦合视角开展产业碳水足迹效率研究不仅有助于揭示资源利用强度和效率对产业碳排放的影响机制,而且对于全球化背景下区域产业转型中的节水和碳减排具有重要的实践意义。采用2012年河南省投入产出表及各产业取水量和能源消费数据,利用投入产出分析对不同产业的碳水足迹效率进行了对比研究。主要结论如下：（1）碳足迹和水足迹存在着行业不匹配现象。其中,农业水足迹最大,是水足迹最小的木材业的2333倍;采掘业碳足迹最大,是碳足迹最小的食品业的273倍。（2）不同产业碳水足迹效率具有较大的差异。一般来说,足迹较大的产业其足迹效率偏低。（3）产业碳水足迹效率的差异主要受产业属性、水能消耗强度、能源结构、企业技术水平及产业关联情况等因素的影响。（4）建议未来河南省应结合不同产业的特点及水能关联情况制定差别化的节水与碳减排政策,加强制度约束和法律监管,推动企业水能资源高效利用,进一步增强区域适应和减缓气候变化的能力。

关键词: 投入产出分析, 碳足迹, 水足迹, 效率, 产业

Abstract:

Water-carbon nexus is one of the important research fields of regional sustainable development. Studies on industrial carbon and water footprint efficiency from the perspective of water-carbon coupling not only help reveal the impact mechanism of the resource consumption intensity and efficiency on industrial carbon emissions, but also have great significant practical meanings for reducing water and carbon emissions in regional industrial transformation under the background of globalization. By the method of input-output analysis, input-output table of Henan in 2012 and industrial water and energy consumption data were applied to discuss industrial carbon and water footprint efficiency in this paper. The conclusions are as follows: (1) Carbon and water footprints of different industries are unmatched. The agricultural water footprint is the largest, which is 2333 times of the water footprint of lumbering. The carbon footprint of extractive industry is the largest, which is 273 times of food industry. (2) There are obvious differences among industrial water and carbon footprint efficiency. In general, the water/carbon footprint efficiency is lower in the industries with higher water/carbon footprint. (3) The different water/carbon footprint efficiency among different industries were mainly influenced by industry attribute, water and carbon consumption intensity, energy structure, technological level and relationship between industries, etc. (4) In the future, Henan province should make differentiated water-saving and carbon emission reduction policies in industrial development by combining the characteristics of different industries and the water-energy nexus, strengthening institutional constraint and legal supervision, promoting water and energy efficiency of enterprises, and enhancing regional adaptation and mitigation capacity under climate change.

Key words: input-output, carbon footprint, water footprint, efficiency, industries

杨文娟, 赵荣钦, 张战平, 肖连刚, 曹连海, 王帅, 杨青林. 河南省不同产业碳水足迹效率研究[J]. 自然资源学报, 2019, 34(1): 92-103.

Wen-juan YANG, Rong-qin ZHAO, Zhan-ping ZHANG, Lian-gang XIAO, Lian-hai CAO, Shuai WANG, Qing-lin YANG. Industrial carbon and water footprint efficiency of Henan province based on input-output analysis[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2019, 34(1): 92-103.

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合并后的产业	2012年河南省投入产出表的部门划分	合并后的产业	2012年河南省投入产出表的部门划分
农业	农林牧渔产品和服务	其他工业	其他制造产品
采掘业	煤炭采选产品	其他工业	废品废料
	石油和天然气开采产品	金属制品、机械和设备修理服务
	金属矿采选产品	电热水供应业	电力、热力的生产和供应
	非金属矿和其他矿采选产品		燃气生产和供应
食品业	食品和烟草		水的生产和供应
纺织业	纺织品	建筑业	建筑
服装业	纺织服装鞋帽皮革羽绒及其制品	商业及餐饮业	批发和零售
木材业	木材加工品和家具	商业及餐饮业	住宿和餐饮
造纸业	造纸印刷和文教体育用品	货运邮电业	交通运输、仓储和邮政
石油业	石油、炼焦产品和核燃料加工品	货运邮电业	信息传输、软件和信息技术服务
化工业	化学产品	其他服务业	金融
非金属制品业	非金属矿物制品		房地产
冶金加工业	金属冶炼和压延加工品		租赁和商务服务
金属制品业	金属制品		科学研究和技术服务
机电制造业	通用设备		水利、环境和公共设施管理
	专用设备	居民服务、修理和其他服务
	交通运输设备	教育
	电气机械和器材	卫生和社会工作
	通信设备、计算机和其他电子设备	文化、体育和娱乐
	仪器仪表	公共管理、社会保障和社会组织

类型	产业
C_HW_H	服装业、木材业、机电制造业
C_HW_M	食品业、其他服务业
C_MW_M	纺织业、非金属制品业、金属制品业
C_HW_L	农业、建筑业
C_MW_L	商业及餐饮业
C_LW_M	石油业、化工业、冶金加工业
C_LW_L	采掘业、造纸业、电热水供应业、其他工业、货运邮电业