重庆市页岩气开采流域地表水资源安全的综合评价

doi:10.31497/zrzyxb.20170708

自然资源学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (8): 1451-1462.doi: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20170708

所属专题：气候变化与地表过程

重庆市页岩气开采流域地表水资源安全的综合评价

张虹^1,2,3, 张代钧^1,*, 卢培利¹, 宋福忠¹, 寇双伍¹

1. 重庆大学煤矿灾害动力学与控制国家重点实验室,重庆400044;
2. 重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院,重庆401331;
3. 三峡库区地表过程与环境遥感重点实验室,重庆401331

收稿日期:2017-07-31 修回日期:2017-12-12 出版日期:2018-08-20 发布日期:2018-08-20
通讯作者: 张代钧（1963- ）,男,重庆人,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为环境科学与工程。E-mail: dzhang@cqu.edu.cn
作者简介:张虹（1978- ）,女,内蒙古呼和浩特人,副教授,研究方向为资源开发与生态环境保护。E-mail: zh_angh@cqnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（41571419、41807498）;2015年度国家环境技术管理项目（2110109）;重庆市环保局科技项目（2014-0120）;煤矿灾害动力学与控制国家重点实验室科研基金项目（2011DA105287-ZD201505）;重庆师范大学校级基金项目（16XYY18）

Comprehensive Assessment of Surface Water Resource Security in Basin with Shale Gas Extraction in Chongqing, China

ZHANG Hong^1,2,3, ZHANG Dai-jun¹, LU Pei-li¹, SONG Fu-zhong¹, KOU Shuang-wu¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing 400044, China;
2. College of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region Surface Processes and Environment Remote Sensing, Chongqing 401331, China

Received:2017-07-31 Revised:2017-12-12 Online:2018-08-20 Published:2018-08-20
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 41571419 and 41807498;National Environmental Technology Management Project in 2015, No 2110109;Science and Technology Project of Chongqing Environmental Protection Bureau, No. 2014-0120;State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Foundation, No. 2011DA105287-ZD201505;Chingqing Normal University Foundation, No. 16XYY18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 页岩气开采消耗大量水和产生组成复杂的高盐返排-产出水,对开采区水资源的安全构成很大风险。论文识别了决定山区页岩气开采的水资源可利用性和返排-产出水对地表水环境胁迫的关键因素,构建了流域地表水资源安全评价方法,以亚流域为单元,完成了2010—2020年重庆地区页岩气开采前后、不同开采强度下地表水资源安全的评价。2010—2020年重庆市页岩气开采的取水对区域水资源的总体压力小,对渝西局部缺水地区的短时影响较大;页岩气开采的返排-产出水对重庆中西部都市区及周边的污染负荷高值区,东北部秦巴山城口、巫溪水环境高敏感区的潜在污染风险大;重庆市页岩气开采的水资源安全水平以好、中等为主,占重庆总面积的2/3,其总体格局呈渝东南>渝东北>渝西。随着经济、社会发展及页岩气的规模化开采,局部水资源安全等级有下降的风险,研究成果可为区域页岩气开采水资源配置和水环境保护提供决策支持。

关键词: 地表水, 水资源安全, 页岩气开采

Abstract: High water consumption and high saline backflow-production water containing complex organics caused by shale gas extraction will bring potential risks to water resource. In this study, the key factors which describe the availability of water for shale gas extraction in a mountainous area and the impact of backflow-production water on the surface water environment are identified. Furthermore, a method is developed to assess the security of surface water resource in a basin. The spatio-temporal analysis of water resource security in Chongqing is carried out, and the water resource security before and after shale gas extraction during 2010-2020 at different extraction intensity is assessed. The results show that the water consumption of shale gas extraction has a little impact on the regional water resource in total during 2010-2020, but it has more significant impact in the temporary water-deficient areas in western Chongqing. The discharge of backflow-production water of the shale gas extraction poses a potential risk of pollution in the urban areas of Midwest Chongqing and nearby areas with high pollutant loadings, and areas with high sensitive surface water environment such as Chengkou and Wuxi. The levels of water resource security in Chongqing are basically medium security and good security, whose areas account for the two thirds of the total area of Chongqing. The pattern of water resource security in Chongqing is as the following: the southeast is safer than the northeast, and the northeast is safer than the west. With the development of economy and society and the expansion of shale gas extraction, the level of water resource security in some sub-areas is at a risk of declining. The results provide the support to the decision-making in water resource allocation and water environmental protection for the shale gas extraction in Chongqing.

Key words: shale gas extraction, surface water, water resource security

中图分类号:

P618.13

张虹, 张代钧, 卢培利, 宋福忠, 寇双伍. 重庆市页岩气开采流域地表水资源安全的综合评价[J]. 自然资源学报, 2018, 33(8): 1451-1462.

ZHANG Hong, ZHANG Dai-jun, LU Pei-li, SONG Fu-zhong, KOU Shuang-wu. Comprehensive Assessment of Surface Water Resource Security in Basin with Shale Gas Extraction in Chongqing, China[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2018, 33(8): 1451-1462.

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重庆市页岩气开采流域地表水资源安全的综合评价

Comprehensive Assessment of Surface Water Resource Security in Basin with Shale Gas Extraction in Chongqing, China

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