自然资源学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 735-746.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.20170505

• 资源生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

紫云英-早稻-晚稻农田系统的生态功能服务价值评价

谢志坚1a, 贺亚琴1b, *, 徐昌旭2   

  1. 1. 江西农业大学 a. 国土资源与环境学院, b. 经济管理学院,南昌 330045;
    2. 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所,南昌 330200
  • 收稿日期:2017-05-25 修回日期:2017-09-04 出版日期:2018-05-20 发布日期:2018-05-20
  • 通讯作者: *贺亚琴(1988- ),女,湖北监利人,讲师,博士,研究方向为产业经济。E-mail: sophiaheyaqing@163.com
  • 作者简介:谢志坚(1982- ),男,江西萍乡人,讲师,博士,研究方向为农田生态与肥料资源利用。E-mail: hoblecat@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0200808,2016YFD0200808)

Appraisal on Ecological Services from Chinese Milk Vetch-Early Rice-Late Rice Cropping Ecosystem

XIE Zhi-jian1a, HE Ya-qin1b, XU Chang-xu2   

  1. 1. a. College of Land Resource and Environment, b. School of Economics and Management, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China;
    2. Institute of Soil & Fertilizer and Resource & Environment, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
  • Received:2017-05-25 Revised:2017-09-04 Online:2018-05-20 Published:2018-05-20
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China, No. 2017YFD0200808 and 2016YFD0200808.

摘要: 紫云英是南方双季稻区最主要种植的冬季绿肥作物,是我国传统农业的精髓,曾对我国粮食安全做出了重要贡献。针对紫云英-早稻-晚稻系统的生态功能服务价值进行综合评估,有助于人们更深入了解紫云英对现代生态农业发展的重要性及其直接贡献,有利于恢复发展与推广种植紫云英等稻区冬季绿肥作物和政府部门制定相关政策。论文以连续8 a的大田定位试验数据为基础,选取农产品与轻工业原料供给、大气调节与净化、土壤养分累积和水分涵养等功能服务价值,采用生态经济学方法,构建紫云英-早稻-晚稻系统的生态功能服务价值评价体系。结果表明:冬闲-早稻-晚稻和紫云英-早稻-晚稻系统生态功能服务总价值分别为64 230.89元/(hm2·a)和87 438.46元/(hm2·a),后者较之前者平均显著增加36.13%。该评价体系的各项功能服务指标中,冬闲-早稻-晚稻和紫云英-早稻-晚稻生态系统的农产品与轻工业原料供给服务价值分别达到38 777.03元/(hm2·a)和56 635.83元/(hm2·a),占系统功能服务总价值的比例均超过60%;其次为大气调节与净化和水分涵养服务价值(占比15%~22%),而土壤养分累积服务价值最低(占比<2%)。紫云英-早稻-晚稻系统的土壤养分累积服务价值主要表现为土壤有机质、速效钾和碱解氮的累积价值。由此可见,紫云英-早稻-晚稻系统能更好地兼顾经济和生态价值,而且评估结果还可为恢复发展与推广种植紫云英等稻田冬季绿肥作物的生态补偿政策提供理论依据。

关键词: 大田定位试验, 稻田系统, 生态功能, 紫云英-双季稻

Abstract: Cultivating winter green manure crops (e.g. Astragalus sinicus L., etc.) after the harvest of main crops (e.g. rice, etc.), which was the essence of traditional agriculture and has made important contribution to food security, is a very important strategy for optimizing the agricultural cropping structure in China. Evaluating the economic values on the main ecological services of Chinese milk vetch (CMV)-early rice-late rice cropping ecosystem will help people better understand the importance of CMV to modern ecological agriculture development and its direct contribution. Furthermore, it will be conducive to the development and promotion of planting winter green manure crops (e.g. CMV) and help governments making policies. In this study, based on the data of a continuous field location experiment from 2007 to 2015 and the agro-ecosystem service appraisal theories, the economic values of CMV-early rice-late rice rotation system in South China were evaluated by developing a systematic model with methods of eco-economics. This model mainly estimated the economic values by considering the influences of CMV on four ecological functions, i.e., agricultural product and industrial raw materials, atmospheric regulation and purification, water conservation, and soil nutrient accumulation. Results showed that the total economic values of ecological services in CMV-double rice rotation system (87 438.46 yuan/(hm2·a)) was 36.13% higher than that from fallow-double rice system (64 230.89 yuan/(hm2·a)). The economic values of agricultural product and industrial raw material in fallow- and CMV-double rice cropping ecosystems were 38 777.03 yuan/(hm2·a) and 56 635.83 yuan/(hm2·a), respectively, which accounted for 60.37% and 64.77% of the total values, followed by the economic values of atmospheric regulation and purification and water conservation (accounted for 15%-22%). The economic value of soil nutrient accumulation (accounted for less than 2%) was the least one in double-rice cropping system. The economic value of soil nutrient accumulation was mainly because of increasing economic values of the accumulative soil organic matter, available potassium and alkali-hydro nitrogen in CMV-double rice rotation system. Hence, the CMV-early rice-late rice rotation system has both economic values and ecological values. The results can provide theoretical basis for making ecological compensation policies of redeveloping and promoting winter green manure crops (e.g. CMV) in paddy fields of South China.

Key words: Chinese milk vetch-double rice cropping system, ecological services, field location experiment, paddy field

中图分类号: 

  • S55