基于水经济价值的长江口环境流量探讨

doi:10.11849/zrzyxb.20170119

自然资源学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 467-477.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.20170119

基于水经济价值的长江口环境流量探讨

唐瑜^1,2, 宋献方^1,3,*, Bauer-Gottwein Peter⁴, 卜红梅¹, 杨丽虎^1,2, 张应华¹, 韩冬梅^1,3, 马英¹, Davidsen Claus⁴

1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室,北京 100101;
2. 中国科学院大学中丹学院,北京 100049;
3. 中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京 100190;
4. Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark

收稿日期:2017-02-20 修回日期:2017-05-24 出版日期:2018-03-20 发布日期:2018-03-20
通讯作者: *宋献方（1965- ）,男,河北沙河人,研究员,博士,主要从事流域水循环与水环境、环境同位素水文学、水文地质等方面研究。E-mail: songxf@igsnrr.ac.cn
作者简介:唐瑜（1991- ）,女,四川南充人,硕士研究生,主要从事流域水循环与水资源管理研究。E-mail: tangy.14s@igsnrr.ac.cn
基金资助:
中国科学院科技服务网络计划（STS计划）项目（KFJ-EW-STS-007）

Study on Environmental Flow in Yangtze River Estuary Based on Hydro-economic Analysis

TANG Yu^1,2, SONG Xian-fang^1,3, BAUER-GOTTWEIN Peter⁴, BU Hong-mei¹, YANG Li-hu^1,2, ZHANG Ying-hua¹, HAN Dong-mei^1,3, MA Ying¹, DAVIDSEN Claus⁴

1. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
2. Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing 100049, China;
3. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
4. Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark

Received:2017-02-20 Revised:2017-05-24 Online:2018-03-20 Published:2018-03-20
Supported by:
Chinese Academy of Sciences STS Program, No. KFJ-EW-STS-007.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 适宜的环境流量对于维持河口生态系统稳定以及保障区域社会经济用水需求有着重要意义。论文以探讨水资源优化配置条件下长江口适宜环境流量为目的,基于水经济价值分析构建了长江中下游水资源优化配置模型,分析了区域缺水量以及环境流量约束的影子成本随长江口环境流量约束的变化。结果表明：当环境流量约束超过临界值后,区域缺水量不断增加,且环境流量约束产生非零影子成本;通过区域供水目标和环境流量约束的影子成本图确定长江口适宜环境流量的上限和下限,得到20%、50%、75%及95%水资源保证率下,长江口适宜环境流量分别为27.10×10⁹~29.65×10⁹、25.50×10⁹~27.12×10⁹、23.08×10⁹~24.62×10⁹及17.72×10⁹~19.65×10⁹ m³/月;该环境流量标准可以满足一定目标下长江口的生态需求。

关键词: 长江口, 环境流量, 水经济价值, 水资源配置, 影子成本

Abstract: Suitable environmental flow requirements are important for maintaining stability of ecosystem in estuary area as well as satisfying social and economic demands for water in upstream area. The aim of this research is to discuss suitable environmental flow in Yangtze River Estuary on the basis of regional water resources allocation. Based on the analysis of economic value of water, a hydro-economic optimization model is built for the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin with minimum environmental flow constraint in Yangtze River Estuary. By changing the environmental flow constraint in Yangtze River Estuary, variations of regional water shortages and shadow costs with the environmental flow constraints are discussed. The results show that the regional water shortage begins to increase and the shadow cost of the environmental flow constraint becomes positive when the environmental flow constraint exceeds a certain critical value. Upper and lower limits of suitable environmental flow are obtained according to regional water supply target and shadow costs of the environmental flow constraints. Suitable environmental flows in Yangtze River Estuary at water resources guarantee rates of 20%, 50%, 75% and 95% are 27.10 billion-29.65 billion m³/month, 25.50 billion-27.12 billion m³/month, 23.08 billion-24.62 billion m³/month and 17.72 billion-19.65 billion m³/month, respectively. With these environmental flows, the water demands in upstream area can be satisfied and ecological objectives in Yangtze River Estuary can be realized.

Key words: economic value of water, environmental flow, shadow cost, water resources allocation, Yangtze River Estuary

中图分类号:

TV213.4

唐瑜, 宋献方, Bauer-Gottwein Peter, 卜红梅, 杨丽虎, 张应华, 韩冬梅, 马英, Davidsen Claus. 基于水经济价值的长江口环境流量探讨[J]. 自然资源学报, 2018, 33(3): 467-477.

TANG Yu, SONG Xian-fang, BAUER-GOTTWEIN Peter, BU Hong-mei, YANG Li-hu, ZHANG Ying-hua, HAN Dong-mei, MA Ying, DAVIDSEN Claus. Study on Environmental Flow in Yangtze River Estuary Based on Hydro-economic Analysis[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2018, 33(3): 467-477.

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基于水经济价值的长江口环境流量探讨

Study on Environmental Flow in Yangtze River Estuary Based on Hydro-economic Analysis

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