关键词: 煤炭, 社会网络分析, 运输网络, 中国

Abstract: Coal resource plays an important role in energy production and consumption in China. Based on the input and output matrix of coal in 31 provinces, municipalities or autonomous regions during 1990-2014, this paper uses social network analysis method to analyze the overall temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of coal transportation network and the role of each node and in coal transportation network, and the result shows that: 1) The density of coal transportation network in China fluctuated and experienced quick increase during 1990-2000, increase’s slowing down and then speeding up during 2000-2010, and slow increase during 2010-2014. The fluctuation of increase was partially related to changes in coal policy, international economic situation, coal prices and shipping costs, the increase of China’s overseas coal imports in recent years, overcapacity of coal in domestic country, and so on. 2) The outward central potential of coal network was significantly greater than the inward central potential, and the output of coal centralized in a few provinces and autonomous regions while the demand for coal input was universal. 3) Coal transportation network can be divided into five regions based on the cohesive subgroups of the network, which were Northeast and North China, Central South China, Southeast China, Southwest China and Northwest China. The network linkages among subgroups were quite different. Among them, Shanxi Province and Shaanxi Province, two national coal centers, had strong power in external expansion. The Northeast and North China and Southwest China attracted a lot of investment, but they had weaker external influence. Northeast China transported goods to Southwest China and Central South China and then transport to the Southeast China. Central South China had become the important coal supply and transit area for Southeast China. 4) Based on the analysis of degree centrality, closeness centrality and betweenness centrality of the network, the core nodes of the coal transportation network changed greatly. The control force of Shanxi became lower than before, and Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi had exceeded Shanxi in controlling very big area. The influence area of Inner Mongolia extended from Northeast China to Northwest China and Central South China. The influence area of Shaanxi extended from Central South China to Southeast and Southwest China. The controlling force of Hebei and Hunan also rose. Guizhou and Liaoning had the controlling force raised and became core nodes in the network. Xinjiang had become a new place of coal output, but needed more output channels to enhance its role. The controlling power of Henan, Sichuan, Ningxia, Shandong, Jiangsu, Gansu and other provinces declined in different degrees.

Key words: China, coal resource, social network analysis, transportation network