近30 a江西省农田土壤pH时空变化及其与酸雨和施肥量间关系

doi:10.11849/zrzyxb.20161089

自然资源学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (11): 1942-1953.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.20161089

近30 a江西省农田土壤pH时空变化及其与酸雨和施肥量间关系

李伟峰¹, 叶英聪¹, 朱安繁², 饶磊¹, 孙凯¹, 袁颉¹, 郭熙^{1, *}

1. 江西农业大学鄱阳湖流域农业资源与生态重点实验室, 南昌 330045;
2. 江西省土壤肥料技术推广站,南昌 330046

收稿日期:2016-10-11 修回日期:2017-03-22 出版日期:2017-11-20 发布日期:2017-11-20
通讯作者: 郭熙（1974- ）,男,副教授,博士,研究方向为土地遥感与信息技术及土地资源利用。E-mail:xig435@163.com
作者简介:李伟峰（1990- ）,男,江西鄱阳人,硕士研究生,研究方向为GIS与土地利用。E-mail:961478034@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（41361049）; 江西省自然科学基金项目（20122BAB204012）; 江西省赣鄱英才“555”领军人才项目（201295）

Spatio-temporal Variation of pH in Cropland of Jiangxi Province in the Past 30 Years and Its Relationship with Acid Rain and Fertilizer Application

LI Wei-feng¹, YE Ying-cong¹, ZHU An-fan², RAO Lei¹, SUN Kai¹, YUAN Jie¹, GUO Xi¹

1. Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Basin Agricultural Resources and Ecology of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China;
2. Jiangxi Soil and Fertilizer Technology Extension Station, Nanchang 330046, China

Received:2016-10-11 Revised:2017-03-22 Online:2017-11-20 Published:2017-11-20
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41361049; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province, No.20122BAB204012; Ganpo “555” Talent Research Funds of Jiangxi Province, No.201295

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 论文以1979—1986年（以下简称1980S）江西省第二次土壤普查时期和2005—2012年（以下简称2010S）江西省测土配方施肥阶段这两个时期的pH数据成果为基础,运用ArcGIS对比分析30 a间江西省农田土壤pH的时空变化。结果表明：江西省农田土壤pH总体呈酸化趋势,2010S江西省农田土壤pH平均值为5.24,较30 a前的5.77下降了0.53;全省酸化趋向西南,其中酸化最突出的地区为赣州市,其次是鄱阳湖周边,特别是南昌市、鹰潭市,pH降幅较大;赣北局部地区农田土壤pH有所上升。定量分析氮施用量与酸雨对农田土壤酸化的影响,结果显示：氮施用量、酸雨强度的差异和农田土壤酸化程度在空间上存在一定的相关性,长期过量施用氮肥是江西省农田土壤酸化的主要原因,地区土壤pH酸化程度同氮肥施用量呈显著正相关,且在30 a间,施肥量每增加50 kg/hm²,农田土壤pH下降0.26个单位;地区土壤pH酸化程度同酸雨pH值呈显著负相关,且随着酸雨pH值越低,农田土壤酸化速率越快。

关键词: 氮施用量, 江西省, 农田pH, 酸雨, 土壤

Abstract: Soil acidification has become the most common problem of the world's farmland. Cropland soil acidification causes serious damage to Chinese food security and agricultural sustainable development. This study, which was based on the two periods of pH data during the second soil survey in 1980S (1979-1986) and during the soil testing and formulated fertilization in 2010S (2005-2012), analyzed the spatio-temporal variation of pH in cropland soil of Jiangxi Province in the past 30 years and its relations with nitrogen fertilizer application and acid rain. The results showed that the pH value of cropland in Jiangxi Province presented a trend of acidification. The average pH value of cropland soil in Jiangxi Province was 5.24 in 2010S, decrease 0.53 compared with that in 1980S. Acidification is more serious in southwest of the province. The most prominent area of acidification is Ganzhou City, followed by Nanchang City and Yingtan City, where the average pH value fell more than 0.8 units. According to linear regression, the acidification of cropland soil is closely related to the nitrogen application rate and acid rain. The long-term excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer is the main reason of soil acidification in Jiangxi Province. Cropland soil acidification was positively correlated with nitrogen application rate. Soil pH of cropland declined 0.26 unit with nitrogen application rate increasing 50 kg/hm² in the past 30 years. Cropland soil acidification has negative correlation with the pH value of acid rain. The lower the pH value of acid rain, the faster the acidification of cropland.

Key words: acid rain, cropland pH, Jiangxi Province, nitrogen application rate, soil

中图分类号:

S153

李伟峰, 叶英聪, 朱安繁, 饶磊, 孙凯, 袁颉, 郭熙. 近30 a江西省农田土壤pH时空变化及其与酸雨和施肥量间关系[J]. 自然资源学报, 2017, 32(11): 1942-1953.

LI Wei-feng, YE Ying-cong, ZHU An-fan, RAO Lei, SUN Kai, YUAN Jie, GUO Xi. Spatio-temporal Variation of pH in Cropland of Jiangxi Province in the Past 30 Years and Its Relationship with Acid Rain and Fertilizer Application[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2017, 32(11): 1942-1953.

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近30 a江西省农田土壤pH时空变化及其与酸雨和施肥量间关系

Spatio-temporal Variation of pH in Cropland of Jiangxi Province in the Past 30 Years and Its Relationship with Acid Rain and Fertilizer Application

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