豫西鸡冠洞不同尺度滴水水化学分析及对区域极端干旱的响应

doi:10.11849/zrzyxb.20160963

自然资源学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (10): 1784-1796.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.20160963

豫西鸡冠洞不同尺度滴水水化学分析及对区域极端干旱的响应

梁沙^{1, 2}, 杨琰^{1, 2, *}, 张娜^{1, 2}, 孙喆^{1, 2}, 张萍^{1, 2}, 田宁^{1, 2}, 张志钦³

1. 岩溶环境重庆市重点实验室,西南大学地理科学学院,重庆 400715;
2. 国土资源部岩溶生态环境-重庆南川野外基地,重庆 408435;
3. 河南省鸡冠洞风景名胜区管理处,河南栾川 471500

收稿日期:2016-09-12 修回日期:2017-01-11 出版日期:2017-10-20 发布日期:2017-10-20
通讯作者: 杨琰（1976- ）,男,河南洛阳人,副教授,博士,主要研究方向为全球变化。E-mail: yy2954@gmail.com
作者简介:梁沙（1993- ）,女,四川遂宁人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为全球变化。E-mail: liangsha0625@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划专题项目（2016YFC050230205）; 国家自然科学基金项目（41672160,41372177,40902053）; 高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目（20090182120005）; 中央高校基本科研业务费专项（XDJK2011B004）

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics of Dripwater in Jiguan Cave, Henan Province at Different Scales and the Response to Regional Extreme Drought Event

LIANG Sha^{1, 2}, YANG Yan^{1, 2}, ZHANG Na^{1, 2}, SUN Zhe^{1, 2}, ZHANG Ping^{1, 2}, TIAN Ning^{1, 2}, ZHANG Zhi-qin³

1. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;
2. Field Scientific Observation & Research Base of Karst Eco-environments at Nanchuan in Chongqing, Ministry of Land and Resources of China, Chongqing 40843;
3. Administrative Office of Luoyang Jiguan Cave, Luanchuan 471500, China

Received:2016-09-12 Revised:2017-01-11 Online:2017-10-20 Published:2017-10-20
Supported by:
National Key R & D Program of China, No.2016YFC050230205; National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41672160, 41372177 and 40902053; Ph.D.Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China, No.20090182120005; Foundation for University Key Teacher by the Ministry of Education of China, No.XDJK2011B004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 论文对自2009年10月到2015年12月豫西鸡冠洞两处滴水：鲤鱼戏水（LYXS）和天宫冰灯（TGBD）进行了连续定点监测及取样分析,并结合2015年8月4—6日对其进行的暴雨监测,从不同时间尺度上分析了滴水的滴速、pH值、HCO^-₃、电导率、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、Ba²⁺、Sr²⁺、元素比值等指标的变化特征及其与降水的关系。结果表明：1）年际尺度上,鸡冠洞滴水的水化学特征响应ENSO循环引起的多雨年与干旱年降水的变化,其主要受控于土壤CO₂的溶解、上覆物质的淋滤、先期沉积作用（PCP）的强弱;2）季节尺度上,滴水受岩溶水运移路径、淋滤作用、水-岩反应时间及先期沉积作用等因素综合影响表现出明显的季节变化特征;3）在单场降雨尺度上,滴水的水化学特征都不同程度表现出随滴率的变化而变化的趋势,主要受到岩溶水的运移路径、活塞效应、稀释作用等因素影响,而与水-岩反应时间关系不大;4）受到2013年区域极端干旱后“老水”的滞留与2014年新降水的稀释作用影响,其滴水水化学指标的极端值出现在降水量有所回升的2014年。

关键词: 不同时间尺度, 滴水, 鸡冠洞, 区域极端干旱, 水化学指标

Abstract: Geochemical dynamics of dripwater at LYXS and TGBD in Jiguan Cave were monitored from October 2009 to December 2015, and the rainstorm from August 4th to 6th in 2015 was monitored. Characteristics of the dripwater, including dripping speed, pH value, HCO^-₃, electrical conductivity, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Ba²⁺, Sr²⁺, element ratio, and its relationship with precipitation, were analyzed at different time scales, and their responses to the extreme drought events were analyzed. The results showed that: 1) At inter-annual scale, the hydrochemical characteristics of dripwater responded to the precipitation difference between wet years and dry years. It was mainly controlled by the dissolution of soil CO₂, leaching effect and the intensity of prior calcite precipitation (PCP) effect. 2) Affected by the migration path of karst water, the leaching effect, the time of water-rock interaction and the PCP effect, there were obvious seasonal variations of the characteristics of dripwater. 3) At single rainfall scale, the hydrochemical characteristics of dripwater varied with the dripping rate. It was mainly influenced by the migration path of karst water, piston effect and dilution effect and had little relation with the time of water-rock interaction. 4) Affected by retention of the old water in the extreme drought year of 2013 and the dilution effect of the new precipitation in 2014, the extreme values of the hydrochemical indicators appeared in 2014 when the precipitation rebounded. The decrease rates of EC, HCO^-₃, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Ba²⁺, Sr²⁺, were 12%, 35%, 35%, 28%, 89% and 95%, respectively.

Key words: different time scales, dripwater, hydrochemical indicator, Jiguan Cave, regional extreme drought

中图分类号:

P641.3

梁沙, 杨琰, 张娜, 孙喆, 张萍, 田宁, 张志钦. 豫西鸡冠洞不同尺度滴水水化学分析及对区域极端干旱的响应[J]. 自然资源学报, 2017, 32(10): 1784-1796.

LIANG Sha, YANG Yan, ZHANG Na, SUN Zhe, ZHANG Ping, TIAN Ning, ZHANG Zhi-qin. Hydrogeochemical Characteristics of Dripwater in Jiguan Cave, Henan Province at Different Scales and the Response to Regional Extreme Drought Event[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2017, 32(10): 1784-1796.

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豫西鸡冠洞不同尺度滴水水化学分析及对区域极端干旱的响应

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics of Dripwater in Jiguan Cave, Henan Province at Different Scales and the Response to Regional Extreme Drought Event

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