自然资源学报

自然资源学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (9): 1591-1601.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.20160868

• 资源评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

城市化建设对降水特征的影响

陈秀洪1, 刘丙军1, *, 陈刚2   

  1. 1. 中山大学a. 地理科学与规划学院水资源与环境系, b. 华南地区水循环与水安全广东省普通高校重点实验室,广州 510275;
    2. 广东省水文局广州分局,广州 510150
  • 收稿日期:2016-08-11 修回日期:2017-02-22 出版日期:2017-09-20 发布日期:2017-09-20
  • 通讯作者: 刘丙军（1976- ）,男,湖南益阳人,教授,博士,从事水资源系统分析研究。E-mail:liubj@mail.sysu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:陈秀洪（1992- ）,女,广东汕头人,硕士研究生,主要从事水文水资源研究。E-mail:chxiuh@mail2.sysu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划课题（2016YFC0401305）; 国家自然科学基金项目（91547108,91547202）; 广东省水利科技创新项目（2014-20）

Effects of Urbanization on Precipitation Characteristics

CHEN Xiu-hong1, LIU Bing-jun1, CHEN Gang2   

  1. 1. a. Department of Water Resources and Environment, b. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Water Security in Southern China of Guangdong High Education Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
    2. Guangzhou Branch of Hydrology Bureau of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510150, China
  • Received:2016-08-11 Revised:2017-02-22 Online:2017-09-20 Published:2017-09-20
  • Supported by:
    National Program on Key Research and Development Project of China, No.2016YFC0401305; National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.91547108 and 91547202; Water Conservancy Science and Technology Innovation Project of Guangdong Province, No.2014-20

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摘要： 城市化建设导致城区下垫面热力学、动力学特性以及大气成分发生显著变化,进而影响降水过程。论文采用广州市1980、1990、2000和2010年土地遥感数据反演城市化建设进程,并利用1984—2015年汛期（4—9月）逐时降水资料分析城市化建设对降水特征的影响。研究结果表明：1）2000年后广州市城市化建设明显加快,城镇土地以20.3 km2/a的速度扩张,进入城市化快速期;2）对比城市化缓慢期,城市化快速期城区短历时降水发生时段变化显著,短历时1~3 h降水午后发生频率明显增加4.1%,短历时4~6 h降水凌晨发生频率明显增加5.2%;3）城市化快速期城区短历时降水强度增强,短历时1~3 h、4~6 h降水平均强度分别提高7.4%和10.9%,极端小时所占比例分别增加2.4%和4.4%;4）城市化快速期城区短历时降水雨型变化明显,短历时4~6 h降水事件中单峰型、前期与中期集中型降水年均次数分别增加29.1%和41.9%。

关键词: 场次降水, 城市化, 降水日变化, 降水雨型

Abstract: With the process of urbanization, the changes of surface types and atmospheric layer have affected precipitation in urban areas. Based on the remote sensing data of the year 1980, 1990, 2000 and 2010, the urbanization process of Guangzhou was analyzed. The possible effects of urbanization on precipitation were further investigated using the hourly precipitation data in flood seasons of 1984-2015. Results show that: 1) The urban land has expanded at the rate of 20.3 km2/a since 2000, which suggests Guangzhou is in the period of rapid urbanization. 2) Compare with that in slow urban expanding period, the diurnal variation of short term precipitation in rapidly urban expanding period changed greatly, that the frequency of short-term rainfall events with 1-3 h duration in the afternoon increased by 4.1% and the frequency of rainfall events with 4-6 h duration in night increase by 5.2%. 3) In rapidly urban expanding period, the precipitation intensity in the city strengthened that the average precipitation intensities of rainfall events with 1-3 h and 4-6 h duration improved 7.4% and 10.9% respectively and the percentages of extreme hourly precipitation improved 2.4% and 4.4% respectively. 4) The rainfall pattern of precipitation events with 4-6 h duration evidently changed in rapidly expanding period that the annual mean frequencies of rainfalls with unimodal peak and rainfalls with early or middle peaks increase by 29.1% and 41.9%, respectively.

Key words: diurnal variation, precipitation with different durations, rainfall pattern, urbanization

中图分类号: 

  • P461+.8