滴灌背景下玛纳斯流域绿洲内外荒地土壤盐分时空变化趋势分析

doi:10.11849/zrzyxb.20160801

自然资源学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (9): 1542-1553.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.20160801

滴灌背景下玛纳斯流域绿洲内外荒地土壤盐分时空变化趋势分析

吕娜娜^{1, 2}, 罗格平^{1, *}, 丁建丽², 李建军¹, 刘丽娟¹

1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830011;
2. 新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,乌鲁木齐 830046

收稿日期:2016-07-25 修回日期:2016-10-27 出版日期:2017-09-20 发布日期:2017-09-20
通讯作者: 罗格平（1968- ）,男,研究员,博士,主要从事土地变化及其生态效应、地理信息系统与遥感应用研究。E-mail:luogp@ms.xjb.ac.cn
作者简介:吕娜娜（1991- ）,女,山东菏泽人,硕士研究生,主要从事遥感与GIS技术在土地利用变化领域的研究。E-mail:lv_nana@sina.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（U1303382,41501205,41671108）

Spatio-temporal Variation of Soil Salinity in Wastelands inside and outside of Oasis in Manas River Watershed in the Context of Dripping Irrigation

LÜ Na-na^{1, 2}, LUO Ge-ping¹, DING Jian-li², LI Jian-jun¹, LIU Li-juan¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, CAS, Urumqi 830011, China;
2. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China

Received:2016-07-25 Revised:2016-10-27 Online:2017-09-20 Published:2017-09-20
Supported by:
Natoinal Natural Science Foundation of China, No.U1303382, 41501205 and 41671108

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 干旱区内陆河流域土壤盐渍化主要集中于绿洲内灌溉农田,而对绿洲内荒地和外围荒漠（以下简称绿洲内外荒地）土壤盐分变化趋势尚不清楚。论文基于地理信息系统技术和数理统计学方法,利用玛纳斯流域绿洲膜下滴灌技术普及的初期2006年和近期2012年绿洲内外荒地0~100 cm土壤盐分数据,分析滴灌背景下干旱区绿洲南部、中部和北部内外荒地土壤盐分的0~30、30~60、60~100 cm深度时空变异的总体特征。绿洲内外荒地2012年0~100 cm深度土壤平均含盐量、阴离子含量和除Na⁺、K⁺以外的阳离子含量低于2006年的水平,土壤盐渍化类型由硫酸盐-氯化物类向氯化物-硫酸盐类转化,降低了土壤的碱性,有利于后备农业资源的开发和作物的生长;2006年玛纳斯流域绿洲内外荒地土壤盐分含量、阴离子含量和阳离子含量空间分布差异不显著,而2012年土壤盐分和除个别离子（Na⁺、K⁺、CO32-）外其他离子空间格局总体表现为绿洲中部含量最高;绿洲内外荒地土壤盐分时空变化趋势的主导因素是灌溉方式的改变和地下水的利用。玛纳斯流域绿洲内外荒地土壤盐分时空变化总体特征和可能驱动机制分析,将丰富对干旱区流域绿洲土壤盐渍化的趋势认识,并有助于干旱区后备农业土地资源的合理开发与利用。

关键词: 滴灌, 绿洲内外荒地, 玛纳斯河流域, 土壤盐分

Abstract: Studies on soil salinization of inland river watershed in arid area have focused on the cultivated land in oases, but the studies on the salinization of wastelands inside and outside of an oasis are poor. We employed GIS technology and mathematical statistics to investigate the general spatial and temporal variation of soil salinity at the depth of 0-30, 30-60, 60-100 cm of wastelands inside and outside of the south, middle and north parts of an oasis in the Manas River watershed under the background of dripping irrigation between 2006 and 2012. The contents of soil salinity, anions and cations except for Na⁺ and K⁺ at the soil depths of 100 cm in wastelands inside and outside of oasis in 2012 were all less than those in 2006. The dominant salt type transformed from Na₂SO₄ to NaCl during 2006-2012. The contents of soil salinity, anions and cations except Na⁺ and K⁺ did not show significant spatial differences in 2006. Whereas, the contents of soil salinity and ions except for Na⁺, K⁺ and CO32- in 2012 showed significant spatial difference, being higher in the middle part than in the south and north parts of the oasis. The utilization of groundwater and the pattern of irrigation system were the dominant factors resulting in spatial and temporal variation of soil salinity in the wastelands within and outside the oasis. The analysis of spatial and temporal variation of soil salinity in the wastelands inside and outside of oasis in the Manas River watershed would enrich the understanding of salinization and contribute to the reasonable development and utilization of land and water resources in oasis of arid watershed.

Key words: dripping irrigation, Manas River watershed, soil salinity, wastelands inside and outside oasis

中图分类号:

S275.6

吕娜娜, 罗格平, 丁建丽, 李建军, 刘丽娟. 滴灌背景下玛纳斯流域绿洲内外荒地土壤盐分时空变化趋势分析[J]. 自然资源学报, 2017, 32(9): 1542-1553.

LÜ Na-na, LUO Ge-ping, DING Jian-li, LI Jian-jun, LIU Li-juan. Spatio-temporal Variation of Soil Salinity in Wastelands inside and outside of Oasis in Manas River Watershed in the Context of Dripping Irrigation[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2017, 32(9): 1542-1553.

参考文献

[1] 刘福汉, 王遵亲. 潜水蒸发条件下不同质地剖面的土壤水盐运动 [J]. 土壤学报, 1993, 30(2): 173-181. [LIU F H, WANG Z Q. Salt-water dynamics in soil profiles of different texure under groundwater evaporation condition. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 1993, 30(2): 173-181. ]
[2] 杨劲松. 中国盐渍土研究的发展历程与展望 [J]. 土壤学报, 2008, 45(5): 837-845. [YANG J S. Development and prospect of the reserch on salt sffected soils in China. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2008, 45(5): 837-845. ]
[3] 王佳丽, 黄贤金, 钟太洋, 等. 盐碱地可持续利用研究综述 [J]. 地理学报, 2011, 66(5): 673-684. [WANG J L, HUANG X J, ZHONG T Y, et al. Review on sustainable utilization of salt-affected land. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2011, 66(5): 673-684. ]
[4] 李建国, 濮励杰, 朱明, 等. 土壤盐渍化研究现状及未来研究热点 [J]. 地理学报, 2012, 67(9): 1233-1245. [LI J G, PU L J, ZHU M, et al. The present pituation and hot issues in the salt-affected soilreserch. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2012, 67(9): 1233-1245. ]
[5] LI H Y, SHI Z, WEBSTER R T J. Mapping the three-dimensional variation of soil salinity in a rice-paddy soil [J]. Geoderma, 2013, 195/196: 31-41.
[6] METTERNICHT G, ZINCK A. Remote Sensing of Soil Salinization: Impact on Land Management [M]. CRC Press, 2008.
[7] ISIDORO D, GRATTAN S. Predicting soil salinity in response to different irrigation practices, soil types and rainfall scenarios [J]. Irrigation Science, 2011, 29(3): 197-211.
[8] 陈亚新, 史海滨, 田存旺. 地下水与土壤盐渍化关系的动态模拟 [J]. 水利学报, 1997(5): 77-83. [CHEN Y X, SHI H B, TIAN C W. Dynamic simulation of the relationship between water tableand salinization of soil. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 1997(5): 77-83. ]
[9] 彭茹燕, 刘连友, 张宏, 等. 人类活动对干旱区内陆河流域景观格局的影响分析——以新疆和田河中游地区为例 [J]. 自然资源学报, 2003, 18(4): 492-498. [PENG R Y, LIU L Y, ZHANG H. Analysis of theimpacets on landscape patterns in inland river basion of arid zone: Taking the middle reaches of Hetian River as an example. Journal of Natural Resources, 2003, 18(4): 492-498. ]
[10] 周丽, 王玉刚, 李彦, 等. 盐碱荒地开垦年限对表层土壤盐分的影响 [J]. 干旱区地理, 2013, 36(2): 285-291. [ZHOU L, WANG Y G, LI Y, et al. Effects of cultivation on soil salinity in upper soil profilesof the saline-alkali land. Arid Land Geography, 2013, 36(2): 285-291. ]
[11] 刘广明, 吕真真, 杨劲松, 等. 典型绿洲区土壤盐分的空间变异特征 [J]. 农业工程学报, 2012, 28(16): 100-107. [LIU G M, LÜ Z Z, YANG J S, et al. Spatial variation characteristics of soil salinity in typical oasis region. Transactions of the CSAE, 2012, 28(16): 100-107. ]
[12] 乔木, 周生斌, 卢磊, 等. 新疆渭干河流域土壤盐渍化时空变化及成因分析 [J]. 地理科学进展, 2012, 31(7): 904-910. [QIAO M, ZHOU S B, LU L, et al. Causes and spatial-temporal changes of soil salinizationin Weigan River Basin, Xinjiang. Progress in Geography, 2012, 31(7): 904-910. ]
[13] 杜金龙, 靳孟贵, 欧阳正平, 等. 焉耆盆地土壤盐分剖面特征及其与土壤颗粒组成的关系 [J]. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 2008, 33(1): 131-136. [DU J L, JIN M G, OUYANG Z P, et al. Characteristics of soil salinity profiles and relationship between salinityand soil particle composition in Yanqi Basin of Xinjiang, China. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 2008, 33(1): 131-136. ]
[14] 罗毅. 干旱区绿洲滴灌对土壤盐碱化的长期影响 [J]. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2014, 44(8): 1679-1688. [LUO Y. Long-term effects of drought oasis of drip irrigation on soil salinization. Science China: Earth Science, 2014, 44(8): 1679-1688. ]
[15] 王海江. 玛纳斯河流域土壤盐渍化过程和格局特征及盐渍土改良模式探讨 [D]. 北京: 中国农业大学, 2014. [WANG H J. Processes, Patterns and Reclamation of Soil Salinization at Manasriver Basin, Xinjiang, China. Beijing: China Agricultural University, 2014. ]
[16] 李玉义, 张凤华, 潘旭东, 等. 新疆玛纳斯河流域不同地貌类型土壤盐分累积变化 [J]. 农业工程学报, 2007, 23(2): 60-64. [LI Y Y, ZHANG F H, PAN X D, et al. Changes of salt accumulation in soil layers with different landformsin Manas River valley in Xinjiang region of China. Transactions of the CSAE, 2007, 23(2): 60-64. ]
[17] 李玉义, 柳红东, 张凤华, 等. 新疆玛纳斯河流域灌溉技术对土壤盐渍化的影响 [J]. 中国农业大学学报, 2007, 12(1): 22-26. [LI Y Y, LIU H D, ZHANG F H, et al. Assessment on the effect of irrigation technology on soil salinization in Manas River valley, Xinjiang. Journal of China Agricultural University, 2007, 12(1): 22-26. ]
[18] 王雪梅. 干旱区典型绿洲土壤盐渍化及其生态效应研究 [D]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆大学, 2010. [WANG X M. Study on Soil Salinization and Ecologic Effects the TipcaI Oasis of Arid Regions. Urumq: Xinjiang University, 2010. ]
[19] 李宝福, 熊黑钢, 张建兵, 等. 干旱区不同灌溉量下后备耕地土壤水盐动态变化规律研究 [J]. 地理科学, 2013, 33(6): 763-768. [LI B F, XIONG H G, ZHANG J B, et al. Dynamic of soil water-salt of reserve farmland inarid area under different irrigation conditions. Scientia Geographipa Sinica, 2013, 33(6): 763-768. ]
[20] 沈浩, 吉力力·阿不都外力. 玛纳斯河流域农田土壤水盐空间分布特征及影响因素 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2015, 26(3): 769-776. [SHEN H, ABUDUWAILI J. Spatial distribution of soil moisture and salinity and their influence factors in the farmland of Manas River catchment, Northwest China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2015, 26(3): 769-776. ]
[21] 张红旗, 章予舒, 王立新, 等. 渭干河平原绿洲景观演变及其对土壤性状的影响 [J]. 资源科学, 2004, 26(5): 18-23. [ZHANG H Q, ZHANG Y S, WANG L X, et al. Landscape changes of oasis and its effecet on soil properties in Weigan River Plain. Resources Science, 2004, 26(5): 18-23. ]
[22] 刘延锋, 靳孟贵, 金英春, 等. 新疆焉耆盆地土壤盐渍化特征分析 [J]. 水土保持通报, 2004, 24(1): 49-52. [LIU Y F, JIN M G, JIN Y C, et al. Characteristics analysis of soilsalinization in Yanqi Basin of Xinjiang Wei Autonomous Region. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2004, 24(1): 49-52. ]
[23] 程维明, 周成虎, 刘海江, 等. 玛纳斯河流域50年绿洲扩张及生态环境演变研究 [J]. 中国科学D辑, 2005, 35(11): 1074-1086. [CHENG W M, ZHOU C H, LIU H J, et al. Manas River Basin oasis 50-year expansion and evolution of the ecological environment. Science China Series D: Earth Science, 2005, 35(11): 1074-1086. ]
[24] 姚阿漫. 石河子垦区浅层地下水动态及其与生态环境关系的研究 [D]. 西安: 长安大学, 2014. [YAO A M. Study on the Shallow Groundwater’s Dynamic of Shihezi Agricultural Area and the Relationship with Ecotope. Xi’an: Chang’an University, 2014. ]
[25] 中国科学院南京土壤所.土壤理化分析 [M]. 上海: 上海科技出版社, 1978: 169-237. [Institude of soil science, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Soil Physical and Chemical Analysis. Shanghai: Shanghai Science and Technology Press, 1978: 169-237. ]
[26] 顾国安. 新疆盐渍化土壤的形成及其防治. 新疆地理, 1984, 7(4): 1-17. [GU G A. Salinization of soil formation and its prevention of Xinjiang. Geography of Xinjiang, 1984, 7(4): 1-17. ]
[27] 张飞, 丁建丽, 何祺胜. 干旱区土壤盐渍化及其对生态环境的损害评估——以新疆沙雅县为例 [J]. 自然灾害学报, 2009, 18(4): 55-62. [ZHANG F, DING J L, HE Q S. Soil salinization in arid area and its economic loss evaluation of eco-envirormenta1 damages: A case of Shaya County in Xinjiang. Journal of Natural Disasters, 2009, 18(4): 55-62. ]
[28] 李建军, 罗格平, 丁建丽, 等. 近 50 a人工灌排技术进步对玛纳斯河流域耕地格局变化的影响 [J]. 自然资源学报, 2016, 31(4): 570-582. [LI J J, LUO G P, DING J L, et al. Effect of progress in artificial irrigation and drainage technology on the change of cultivated land pattern in the past 50 years in Manasi River watershed. Journal of Natural Resources, 2016, 31(4): 570-582. ]
[29] 李玉义, 张海林, 张凤华, 等. 新疆玛纳斯流域农业水资源可利用潜力分析 [J]. 自然资源学报, 2007, 22(1): 44-50. [LI Y Y, ZHANG H L, ZHANG F H. Analysis on the potential of the available agriculture water resources in Manas River valley, Xinjiang. Journal of Natural Resources, 2007, 22(1): 44-50. ]
[30] 吕真真, 刘广明, 杨劲松. 新疆玛纳斯河流域土壤盐分特征研究 [J]. 土壤学报, 2013, 50(2): 289-295. [LÜ Z Z, LIU G M, YANG J S. Soil salinitycharacteristics of Manas River valley in Xinjiang. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2013, 50(2): 289-295. ]
[31] 杨劲松, 陈小兵, 胡顺军, 等. 绿洲灌区土壤盐分平衡分析及其调控 [J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2007, 26(4): 1438-1443. [YANG J S, CHEN X B, HU S J, et al. Analysis of soil-salt balance and its control in oasis irrigation area. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2007, 26(4): 1438-1443. ]
[32] 冯起, 曲耀光, 程国栋. 西北干旱地区水资源现状, 问题及对策 [J]. 地球科学进展, 1997, 12(1): 66-73. [FENG Q, QU Y G, CHENG G D. Current situation, problems and rational utilizationof arid northwest water resources. Advances in Earth Science, 1997, 12(1): 66-73. ]

滴灌背景下玛纳斯流域绿洲内外荒地土壤盐分时空变化趋势分析

Spatio-temporal Variation of Soil Salinity in Wastelands inside and outside of Oasis in Manas River Watershed in the Context of Dripping Irrigation

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 10

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	于涛, 包安明, 刘铁, 郭浩, 郑国雄, 陈桃. 不同等级道路对玛纳斯河流域土地利用与景观格局的影响[J]. 自然资源学报, 2019, 34(11): 2427-2439.
[2]	李建军, 罗格平, 丁建丽, 许文强, 郑拴丽. 近50 a人工灌排技术进步对玛纳斯河流域耕地格局变化的影响[J]. 自然资源学报, 2016, 31(4): 570-582.
[3]	王渊刚, 罗格平, 冯异星, 韩其飞, 范彬彬, 陈耀亮. 近50a玛纳斯河流域土地利用/覆被变化对碳储量的影响[J]. 自然资源学报, 2013, 28(6): 994-1006.
[4]	凌红波, 徐海量, 张青青, 史薇. 新疆玛纳斯河径流过程的非线性特征[J]. 自然资源学报, 2011, 26(4): 683-693.
[5]	柳梅英,包安明,陈曦,刘海隆,张红利,陈晓娜. 近30年玛纳斯河流域土地利用/覆被变化对植被碳储量的影响[J]. 自然资源学报, 2010, 25(6): 926-938.
[6]	李玉义, 逄焕成, 陈阜, 张凤华, 赖先齐. 新疆玛纳斯河流域灌溉水资源保证程度及提升策略[J]. 自然资源学报, 2010, 25(1): 32-42.
[7]	冯异星, 罗格平, 尹昌应, 周德成, 鲁蕾, 许文强, 戴丽. 干旱区内陆河流域土地利用程度变化与生态安全评价——以新疆玛纳斯河流域为例[J]. 自然资源学报, 2009, 24(11): 1921-1932.
[8]	李玉义, 张海林, 张凤华, 陈阜, 赖先齐. 新疆玛纳斯河流域农业水资源可利用潜力分析[J]. 自然资源学报, 2007, 22(1): 44-50.
[9]	莫献坤, 李天宏, 李振山. 近40年来玛纳斯河流域土壤水分补给量的变化分析[J]. 自然资源学报, 2006, 21(6): 926-933.
[10]	张军民. 新疆玛纳斯河流域水资源及水文循环二元分化研究[J]. 自然资源学报, 2005, 20(6): 858-863.