常绿阔叶林改造为板栗林对土壤氮磷钾库及酶活性的影响

doi:10.11849/zrzyxb.20160603

自然资源学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (5): 765-777.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.20160603

常绿阔叶林改造为板栗林对土壤氮磷钾库及酶活性的影响

杨萌^a, 岳天^a, 李永夫^a,b,*, 李永春^a,b, 何洁^a, 肖永恒^a, 姜培坤^a,b, 周国模^a,b

浙江农林大学 a. 浙江省森林生态系统碳循环与固碳减排重点实验室,b. 亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室培育基地,浙江临安 311300

收稿日期:2016-06-10 修回日期:2016-09-26 出版日期:2017-05-20 发布日期:2017-05-20
通讯作者: 李永夫（1980- ）,男,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事森林土壤碳循环研究。E-mail:yongfuli@zafu.edu.cn
作者简介:杨萌（1990- ）,女,硕士研究生,主要从事森林生态系统碳循环与固碳减排研究。E-mail: yangmengzafu@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（31170576）; 浙江省自然科学基金项目（LY14C160007,LY15C160006）

Effects of Converting Evergreen Broad-leaved Forests to Chinese Chestnut Forests on Soil Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium Pools and Enzyme Activity

YANG Meng^a, YUE Tian^a, LI Yong-fu^a,b, LI Yong-chun^a,b, HE Jie^a, XIAO Yong-heng^a, JIANG Pei-kun^a,b, ZHOU Guo-mo^a,b

a. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, b. The Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin’an 311300, China

Received:2016-06-10 Revised:2016-09-26 Online:2017-05-20 Published:2017-05-20
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.31170576; Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province, No.LY14C160007, LY15C160006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究天然林改造为人工林对土壤养分库的影响,对于森林的可持续经营具有非常重要的意义。论文为探明天然常绿阔叶林改造为板栗林对土壤氮磷钾库及酶活性的影响,在浙江省临安市三口镇采集了相邻的天然常绿阔叶林和板栗林（板栗林由天然常绿阔叶林改造而来）的表层（0~20 cm）与亚表层（20~40 cm）土壤,测定土壤不同形态氮磷钾素和蔗糖酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶和酸性磷酸酶的活性。结果表明：表层和亚表层土壤pH值、水溶性有机氮（WSON）和微生物量氮（MBN）均显著降低,而铵态氮和硝态氮含量均显著增加（P < 0.05）;表层土壤全氮含量显著增加,而亚表层土壤全氮含量无显著变化;表层土壤树脂提取态磷（Resin-P_i）、碳酸氢钠提取态无机磷（NaHCO₃-P_i）、氢氧化钠提取态无机磷（NaOH-P_i）、盐酸提取态磷（HCl-P_i）和残余态磷（Residual-P）含量分别增加了61.4%、53.5%、19.2%、55.1%和25.3%,亚表层土壤Resin-P_i、NaHCO₃-P_i、HCl-P_i和Residual-P含量分别增加了64.6%、61.2%、13.7%和17.3%;而表层土壤碳酸氢钠提取态有机磷（NaHCO₃-P_o）和氢氧化钠提取态有机磷（NaOH-P_o）含量分别下降了24.8%和18.3%,亚表层土壤NaHCO₃-P_o和NaOH-P_o含量分别下降了20.5%和7.7%;表层土壤的速效钾、缓效钾、矿物态钾和全钾含量均显著增加,亚表层土壤速效钾、缓效钾含量显著增加,而矿物态钾和全钾无显著变化;表层土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶和酸性磷酸酶活性显著下降,亚表层土壤脲酶和酸性磷酸酶活性显著下降（P < 0.05）。综上,上述林分转变对土壤无机氮磷钾库具有正面效应,而对土壤有机氮磷钾库与酶活性具有负面效应。

关键词: 板栗林, 土壤酶, 土壤养分库, 常绿阔叶林

Abstract: Study on the effects of converting natural forests to plantations on soil nutrient pools has very important significance for sustainable management of forests. In order to investigate the effects of converting evergreen broad-leaved forest (EBLF) to Chinese chestnut forest (MBF) on nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), potassium (K) pools and enzyme activity in soil, we collected soil samples at the soil surface (0-20 cm) and subsurface layers (20-40 cm) in EBLF and adjacent MBF that was converted from EBLF in Sankou Township, Lin’an City, Zhejiang Province. Different forms of N, P, K and soil invertase, urease, catalase and acid phosphatase activity of the soil sample were determined. The results showed that soil pH, WSON and MBN concentrations decreased significantly and the NH4+-N and NO3--N concentrations increased significantly in both surface and subsurface layers after converting EBLF to MBF. The total N concentrations in the surface layer increased significantly, but those in the subsurface layer had no significant change after the conversion. The Resin-P_i, NaHCO₃-P_i, NaOH-P_i, HCl-P_i and Residual-P concentrations in the surface layer increased 61.4%, 53.5%, 19.2%, 55.1% and 25.3% respectively. Resin-P_i, NaHCO₃-P_i, HCl-P_i and Residual-P concentrations in the subsurface layer increased 64.6%, 61.2%, 13.7% and 17.3% respectively. The NaHCO₃-P_o and NaOH-P_o concentrations in the soil surface layer decreased 24.8% and 18.3% respectively, while those in the subsurface layer decreased 20.5% and 7.7% respectively after the conversion. The available K, slowly available K, mineral K and total K concentrations in the soil surface layer increased significantly and the available K and slowly available K concentrations in the subsurface layer also increased, but the mineral K and total K concentrations in the subsurface layer had no significant changes after the conversion. Soil invertase, urease, catalase and acid phosphatase activities in the surface layer decreased significantly; urease and acid phosphatase activities in the subsurface layer decreased significantly, but invertase and catalase activities had no significant decrease after the conversion (P < 0.05). To conclude, this forest type conversion has positive effects on soil inorganic N, P and K pools, while has negative effects on soil organic N, P and K pools and enzyme activities.

Key words: Chinese chestnut forest, soil enzyme, soil nutrient pool, natural evergreen broad-leaved forest

中图分类号:

S714.2

杨萌, 岳天, 李永夫, 李永春, 何洁, 肖永恒, 姜培坤, 周国模. 常绿阔叶林改造为板栗林对土壤氮磷钾库及酶活性的影响[J]. 自然资源学报, 2017, 32(5): 765-777.

YANG Meng, YUE Tian, LI Yong-fu, LI Yong-chun, HE Jie, XIAO Yong-heng, JIANG Pei-kun, ZHOU Guo-mo. Effects of Converting Evergreen Broad-leaved Forests to Chinese Chestnut Forests on Soil Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium Pools and Enzyme Activity[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2017, 32(5): 765-777.

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常绿阔叶林改造为板栗林对土壤氮磷钾库及酶活性的影响

Effects of Converting Evergreen Broad-leaved Forests to Chinese Chestnut Forests on Soil Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium Pools and Enzyme Activity

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