自然资源学报

自然资源学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 654-668.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.20160508

• 资源评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

广西土壤和沉积物砷含量及污染分布特征

宋波1a,1b, 刘畅1a, 陈同斌1a, 2, *   

  1. 1. 桂林理工大学 a. 环境科学与工程学院,b. 广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室,广西 桂林 541004;
    2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101
  • 收稿日期:2016-05-17 修回日期:2016-06-20 出版日期:2017-04-20 发布日期:2017-04-20
  • 通讯作者: 陈同斌（1963- ）,男,研究员,博士生导师,研究方向为植物修复、废弃物资源化利用、区域土壤环境质量与风险评估。E-mail:chentb@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:宋波（1972- ）,男,教授,博士,研究方向为区域环境调查与风险评估、污染土壤修复。E-mail:songbo@glut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目（41261082）; 广西自然科学基金项目（2013GXNSFEA053002）; 广西高等学校高水平创新团队及卓越学者计划项目（002401013001）; “八桂学者”建设工程专项经费

Contents and Pollution Distribution Characteristics of Arsenic in Soils and Sediments in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

SONG Bo1a,1b, LIU Chang1a, CHEN Tong-bin2, *   

  1. 1. a. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, b. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China;
    2. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
  • Received:2016-05-17 Revised:2016-06-20 Online:2017-04-20 Published:2017-04-20
  • Supported by:

    National Natural Science Fondation of China, No.41261082; Guangxi Natural Science Foundation Program, No.2013GXNSFEA053002; High Level Innovation Team and Outstanding Scholar Program of Guangxi, No.002401013001; Special Funds for Construction Projects of Bagui Scholars

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摘要：

广西素有“有色金属之乡”美誉,土壤重金属污染问题较为突出。通过总结1989年以来相关文献,探讨了广西土壤和沉积物中砷含量及污染分布特征。3 045个和477个土壤和沉积物有效样点的统计分析表明,广西砷污染土壤主要分布于桂西北地区,尤其是刁江及金城江流域;矿业活动显著影响土壤砷积累,从其均值看：工矿区非农用土壤（140.5 mg/kg）>工矿区农用土壤（80.68 mg/kg）>非工矿区农用土壤（19.11 mg/kg）>城区土壤（18.35 mg/kg）,重度砷污染农用地样本均来自南丹;工矿区河流沉积物砷含量（283.5 mg/kg）远高于非工矿区,主要受影响区分布在刁江及大环江流域。为了控制环境风险,建议开展主要水系沉积物砷污染详查,加强南丹及周边区域污染防控和污染土壤修复。

关键词: 沉积物, 广西, 砷, 土壤, 污染评价

Abstract:

Guangxi was known as “the hometown of nonferrous metals”, and the problem of heavy metal pollution in soil was very prominent. Based on the published papers about arsenic(As) in Guangxi since 1989 and our previous work in Guilin, Nandan and Huanjiang, this study explored the concentration and pollution distribution of As in soils and sediments in Guangxi. Totally, 3 045 soil samples and 477 sediment samples were collected. Results showed that: 1) In Guangxi, the As polluted soil mainly distributed in the northwest of Guangxi, especially in the Diaojiang and Jinchengjiang River basins. 2) Mining activity affected the accumulation of As in soil significantly. The soils with concentrations of As from high to low in order were non-agricultural soil in industrial and mining areas (140.5 mg/kg), agricultural soil in industrial and mining areas (80.68 mg/kg), agricultural soil in non-industrial and mining areas (19.11 mg/kg) and urban soil (18.35 mg/kg). Compared with the standard of soil environment quality in China (GB15618-1995), 89.4%, 69.0%, 18.7% and 12.1% of the above four types of soil samples exceeded the standard limit. The most seriously polluted samples in agricultural soil were all in Nandan. 3) The accumulation of As in marine sediments (8.76 mg/kg) and river sediments in non-industrial and mining areas (16.11 mg/kg) were not remarkable. As for river sediments, the pollution levels of As in industrial and mining areas (283.5 mg/kg) were much higher than those in non-industrial and mining areas. The affected areas mainly distributed in the Diaojiang and Dahuanjiang basins. In order to control the environmental risk, it is recommended to carry out the survey of As pollution in the surface sediments of the main river systems in Guangxi, especially in the river of Diaojiang, Dahuanjiang and Jinchengjiang, and the pollution in Nandan areas should be controlled and prevented and the contaminated soil should be repaired.

Key words: arsenic, Guangxi, pollution assessment, sediment, soil

中图分类号: 

  • X53