关键词: 生态旅游, 湿地公园, 野生植物区系, 栽培植物

Abstract: Wetland park is an ideal way of wetland protective utilization. As far as January 2016, China has 706 national wetland parks and 46 national urban wetland parks. Till now, most wetland parks have no specification of construction design. In recent years, the number of wetland park rose quickly in China, but the guidance for wetland park construction is few, and thus it led to the fact that influential wetland park is few. As it is a new thing, there is no much construct theory for it. A lot of wetland parks lack of full consideration of regional nature and society, and can’t deal with the relationship between wetland protection and recreation entertainment, so the wetland ecosystem was often destroyed by human activities. In this work, a survey on wild plant flora was conducted in the national urban wetland park at coal mine subsidence of Huaibei City. The construction of cultivated plants was evaluated. The results showed that: 1) There are 115 species of wild plants belonging to 42 families and 95 genera, including 6 families of monocotyledon plants belonging to 27 species, 35 families of dicotyledon plants belong to 87 species, and 1 family of pteridophytes plant belonging to 1 specie. Gramineae, Compositae and Leguminosae are dominant families. The composition of genera is relatively dispersed, all being single species or few species genera. The wetland plant species take obvious advantage, which are mainly farmland weeds. 2) The wetland vegetation can be divided into 2 vegetation type groups, 5 vegetation types and 18 formations. Phragmites australis, Typha orientalis, Paspalum paspaloides, Imperata cylindrical, Chenopodium album and Cynodon dactylon are the dominant species in the wetland park and format a large area of dominant communities. 3) There are 34 species of cultivated plants which belong to 19 families and 31 genera, and mainly are Populus × canadensis ‘I-214’, Salix babylonica, Euonymus japonica and Zoysia tenuifolia. 4) There are 10 exotic plants, in which Gaura parviflora is recorded for the first time in Anhui Province. We put forward some protection and restoration strategies towards the main problems about the protection of wild plants and the construction of cultivated plants in the park. Park management department should not only clarify the core and buffer areas of the wetland park, but also need to carry out different measures for the core and its surrounding area, and protect the wild flora and its environment. The selection of cultivated plants should give priority to native plants, and use external plants as less as possible. Invasive plants have had great influence on the landscape of the park and other plants, so manual removal and other measures should be taken to stop their expansion. The main plants in the wetland park should be notated with names. The popularization and education on wetland plants and ecology would reduce the public damages to the plants in the park.

Key words: cultivated plant, ecotourism, wetland park, wild plant flora