自然资源学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 672-681.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.20150280

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祁连山区亚高山灌丛土壤含水量的空间分布与月份变化规律

赵永宏1, 刘贤德1, 2*, *, 张学龙2, 牛赟2, 赵维俊1, 2, 刘炳芳1   

  1. 1. 甘肃农业大学林学院,兰州 730070;
    2. 甘肃省祁连山水源涵养林研究院,甘肃 张掖 734000
  • 收稿日期:2015-03-20 修回日期:2015-09-10 出版日期:2016-04-28 发布日期:2016-04-28
  • 通讯作者: 刘贤德(1963- ),男,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事森林生态研究。 E-mail:liuxiande666@163.com
  • 作者简介:赵永宏(1991- ),男,甘肃康乐人,博士研究生,研究方向为森林土壤。E-mail:zhaoyh0303@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省青年科技基金计划项目(145RJYG318); 国家自然科学基金项目(91125012, 91425301)

The Spatial Distribution and Monthly Variation of Soil Moisture of Sub-alpine Shrubs in Qilian Mountains

ZHAO Yong-hong1, LIU Xian-de1, 2, ZHANG Xue-long2, NIU Yun2, ZHAO Wei-jun1, 2, LIU Bing-fang1   

  1. 1. College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
    2. Academy of Water Resource Conservation Forests in Qilian Mountains of Gansu Province, Zhangye 734000, China
  • Received:2015-03-20 Revised:2015-09-10 Online:2016-04-28 Published:2016-04-28
  • Supported by:
    Gansu Provincial Youth Science and Technology Fund Projects, No.145RJYG318; National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.91125012 and 91425301

摘要: 为了探究祁连山区不同灌丛类型的土壤水分时空变异规律,论文以祁连山排露沟小流域的箭叶锦鸡儿(Caragana jubata)、吉拉柳(Salix gilashanica)、金露梅(Potentilla fruticosa)、鲜黄小檗(Berberis diaphana)、甘青锦鸡儿(Caragana tangutica)5种灌丛为对象,建立固定样地,进行了一个生长季的分层(0~10、10~20、20~30、30~40、40~60 cm)土壤含水量监测。结果表明:1)在各灌丛类型样地之间,土壤含水量差异很大,由大到小依次为:箭叶锦鸡儿>吉拉柳>金露梅>鲜黄小檗>甘青锦鸡儿。2)在小流域内空间尺度上,地形(海拔、坡向)、气象(降水、温度)、植被、土壤等作为主要因素共同影响着土壤含水量的差异,导致土壤含水量的空间分布具有随海拔(降水)升高而增大、随地形遮荫作用增强而增大(阴坡高于阳坡)的变化规律。3)不同灌丛类型样地土壤含水量在生长季内各月的变异程度均为弱变异或中等变异,相同土层含水量变异系数大小顺序基本为:鲜黄小檗>箭叶锦鸡儿>吉拉柳>金露梅>甘青锦鸡儿。

关键词: 变异系数, 灌丛, 祁连山, 土壤含水量

Abstract: In order to explore the spatial distribution and monthly variation of soil moisture of the main shrub types in the Qilian Mountains, permanent sample plots were set up for five shrub types in the small watershed of Pailugou of Qilian Mountains, including Caragana jubata, Salix gilashanica, Dasiphora fruticosa, Berberis diaphana and Caragana tangutica. The soil moisture at the depth layer of 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-60 cm was measured in a growing season. The results showed that: 1) Among the five shrub plots, the soil moisture differed obviously, according to the following decreasing order: Caragana jubata, Salix gilashanica, Potentilla fruticosa, Berberis diaphana and Caragana tangutica. 2) At the spatial scale of the studied small watershed of Pailugou, the soil moisture was jointly influenced by several factors, such as the elevation (precipitation), slope aspect, vegetation, and soil. This leads to the increase of soil moisture with increasing elevation (higher soil moisture at higher plot) and terrain shading effect (higher soil moisture on shaded slops than on sunny slope). 3) The degree of variation of soil moisture in the growing season can be basically classified into the low or middle intensity for all the five shrub types. The variation coefficients of soil moisture in the same soil layer basically following the decreasing order of Berberis diaphana > Caragana jubata > Salix gilashanica > Potentilla fruticosa > Caragana tangutica.

Key words: Qilian Mountains, shrubs, soil moisture, variability coefficients

中图分类号: 

  • S152.7