自然资源学报

自然资源学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 569-579.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2015.04.004

• 资源经济 • 上一篇    下一篇

高寒藏区农牧村家庭能源消费特征及影响因素——以甘南高原为例

孙永龙1,2, 牛叔文1, 胡嫄嫄1, 齐敬辉1   

  1. 1. 兰州大学资源环境学院, 兰州730000;
    2. 西北民族大学管理学院, 兰州730030
  • 收稿日期:2014-04-04 修回日期:2014-08-18 出版日期:2015-04-20 发布日期:2015-04-16
  • 通讯作者: 牛叔文(1955- ),男,甘肃兰州人,教授,博士生导师,主要从事生态经济、能源消费、社会发展方面的研究.Email:shuwenn@lzu.edu.cn E-mail:shuwenn@lzu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:孙永龙(1983-),男,甘肃兰州人,讲师,博士研究生,主要从事资源开发与区域可持续发展方面的研究.E-mail:syl0514@hotmail.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目(41171437).

The Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Rural Household Energy Consumption in Alpine Tibetan Area —A Case Study of Gannan Plateau

SUN Yong-long1,2, NIU Shu-wen1, HU Yuan-yuan1, QI Jing-hui1   

  1. 1. College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    2. School of Management, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou 730030, China
  • Received:2014-04-04 Revised:2014-08-18 Online:2015-04-20 Published:2015-04-16

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摘要：

能源是消除贫困和实现经济社会与人类发展的重要因素.文章在对甘南高原23 个乡镇357 个家庭用能资料分析的基础上,研究了高寒藏区农牧村家庭能源消费的特征及主要影响因素.结果表明:①农牧村人均能源消费量为996.05 kgce,以畜粪等生物质能为主,能耗水平高,消费品质差,综合热效率只有18.77%,大部分农牧民还停留在满足基本生存需求的状态;②从牧区到农区,能源消费结构由单一转向多元化,热效率从16.87%提高到23.93%,人均能耗水平逐渐降低,空间阶梯特征明显;③农牧村家庭能源消费模式是多种因素影响的结果,其中牧区主要受生活方式、家庭规模和宗教支出的影响,农牧交错区主要受家庭规模、家庭年收入、家用电器种类和年均取暖时间的影响,农区主要受人均耕地面积、家庭年收入和家庭规模的影响;④结合农牧村实际情况,建议实施牧民定居工程、增加现代能源供给、鼓励使用新能源设备、推广生物质能高效清洁利用技术、强化农牧民的节能环保意识,在保证农牧民基本能源需求的基础上,尽可能减轻能源消费带来的环境压力.

关键词: 家庭能源消费, 农牧村, 多元逐步回归, 高寒藏区

Abstract:

Energy is the important factor to overcome poverty and achieve economic, social and human development. Based on the analysis of energy use of 357 farmers and herdsmen families in six counties on the Gannan Plateau, this article has studied the characteristic of rural household energy consumption in alpine Tibetan area, and analyzed the influencing factors by multiple stepwise regression method. The results show that: 1) The rural energy consumption mainly rely on local resources in the form of biomass energy such as animal's dung, and the per capita energy consumption is 996.05 kgce. The quantity of energy consumption is high, while the efficiency is low. The integrated thermal efficiency is only 18.77%, and the majority of farmers and herdsmen still stay in the state of basic survival requirement. 2) From pastoral, agro-pastoral, to agricultural areas, the energy consumption structure changes from uniform to multiform energies. The integrated thermal efficiency increases from 16.87% to 23.93%, and the per capita energy consumption decreases. The characteristic of spatial gradient is obvious. 3) The energy consumption pattern is the result of many factors, in which family size, family income, lifestyles, religion expenses, household appliances types, annual heating time and per capita arable land area are more significant factors. 4) Combined with the actual situation of agro- pastoral village, we proposed to implement herdsmen settlement project, increase the supply of modern energies, encourage the use of new energy facilities, promote the technology of efficiently and cleanly using biomass energy, and strengthen the awareness of energy-saving and environmental protection among farmers and herdsmen. On the premise of ensuring the basic energy needs of farmers and herdsmen, we should reduce the pressure of energy consumption as far as possible.

Key words: household energy consumption, stepwise regression, agro-pastoral village, alpine Tibetan areas

中图分类号: 

  • S210.7