自然资源学报

自然资源学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (12): 2137-2146.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2014.12.014

• 资源评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国畜牧业地理集聚特征及其演化机制

王国刚, 王明利, 杨春   

  1. 中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所, 北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2013-10-18 修回日期:2014-03-27 出版日期:2014-12-20 发布日期:2014-12-20
  • 通讯作者: 王明利(1968- ),男,内蒙古丰镇人,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事畜牧业经济与政策研究。E-mail: wangmingli@caas.cn E-mail:wangmingli@caas.cn
  • 作者简介:王国刚(1984- ),男,山东临沂人,博士,助理研究员,主要从事农业经济与农村发展研究。E-mail: caswang@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(71173220,41401203);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(005201400127)。

Characteristics and Mechanism of Animal Husbandry's Geographical Agglomeration in China

WANG Guo-gang, WANG Ming-li, YANG Chun   

  1. Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development, CAAS, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2013-10-18 Revised:2014-03-27 Online:2014-12-20 Published:2014-12-20
  • About author:Resource Evaluation

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被引次数

19 | 13

摘要：

农业地理集聚是有效实现农业分工的空间组织形态。以畜牧业为例,采用基尼系数、专业化指数、产业集中度和产业平均集聚率等指标与模型,分析了畜牧业地理集聚的发展特征、演变态势及其形成机制。结果表明:1980—2011 年中国畜牧业地理集聚程度不断增强,呈现出先增强后减弱再到稳定上升的阶段性演化特征,但不同畜产品生产的地理集聚过程差异显著;省域尺度上,畜牧业平均集聚率重心不断北移,逐步形成了北方地区高度集聚、南方地区中低度集聚的空间分异格局;畜牧业地理集聚格局经历了由自然集聚到空间重构再到空间优化的过程,自然资源禀赋、农业生产力以及市场与政策,在不同时期主导着中国畜牧业空间格局的演变,构成了我国畜牧业地理集聚格局的演化机制。

关键词: 畜牧业, 地理集聚, 专业化

Abstract:

Agricultural agglomeration has become the effective spatial organization form for agricultural division. In this paper, animal husbandry was taken as an example, and a set of index including Gini coefficient, specialization index, industry concentration and industry average concentration ratio index, was introduced to examine the characteristics and mechanism of animal husbandry's geographical agglomeration. The outcomes indicated that, geographical agglomeration of animal husbandry in China has increased constantly during the period from 1980 to 2011. And its evolution feature shows phased change, which is increasing at first and then decreased and then increased steadily. However, the production agglomeration processes of different animal products are very significant. At provincial level, the barycenter of animal husbandry keeps moving northwards, and has gradually formed the differentiation pattern of high concentration in northern China, and that of low concentration in southern China. Factors affecting the geographic agglomeration of the livestock industry mainly include natural resource endowment, agricultural productivity, policies and environment of market operation, of which the mechanism can be explained from the perspective of specialization, economies of scale.

Key words: geographical agglomeration, animal husbandry, specialization

中图分类号: 

  • F326.3