自然资源学报

自然资源学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (8): 1377-1390.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2014.08.010

• 资源评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

20世纪以来西藏冰湖溃决灾害事件梳理

姚晓军1,2, 刘时银2, 孙美平1, 张秀娟2   

  1. 1. 西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 兰州 730070;
    2. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室, 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2013-05-10 修回日期:2013-10-04 出版日期:2014-08-20 发布日期:2014-08-20
  • 作者简介:姚晓军（1980-），男，山西夏县人，副教授，博士研究生，主要从事GIS与冰冻圈变化方向研究。E-mail：xj_yao@nwnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金（41071044；41261016；41190084）；西北师范大学青年教师科研能力提升计划项目（NWNU-LKQN-10-35；NWNU-LKQN-10-19）

Study on the Glacial Lake Outburst Flood Events in Tibet since the 20th Century

YAO Xiao-jun1,2, LIU Shi-yin2, SUN Mei-ping1, ZHANG Xiu-juan2   

  1. 1. College of Geography and Environment Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:2013-05-10 Revised:2013-10-04 Online:2014-08-20 Published:2014-08-20

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被引次数

15 | 17

摘要： 冰湖溃决洪水（泥石流） 是西藏自治区主要自然灾害之一，对已溃决冰湖特征及灾害影响范围与程度的认识是判定冰湖溃决条件、构建冰湖溃决评价指标体系以及开展冰湖溃决洪水估算与模拟的基础。通过对已溃决冰湖灾害事件文献及资料整理，结合地形图、遥感影像、中国冰川编目数据、Google Earth、冰湖溃决遗迹记录及野外考察，系统梳理了20 世纪以来西藏地区发生的27 次冰湖溃决事件，从多个角度判定并给出了23 个已溃决冰湖所在的地理位置，并对金错、印达普错和次拉错冰湖溃决事件描述进行了勘误，指出1982 年8 月27日在定结县发生的冰湖灾害事件应是印达普错溃决所导致，2009 年7 月29 日在边坝县发生溃决的冰湖是错嘎，而非次拉错。

Abstract: Glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) and debris flow is one of the main natural hazards in Tibet Autonomous Region. The investigation of characteristics of glacial lake outburst and its affected region and damage degree is the basis for the study on GLOFs or debris flow, such as judging the outburst conditions, building the evaluation index system of glacial lake outburst and modeling the GLOFs or debris flow. Based on the review on the numerous literatures, this paper systematically investigated 27 GLOF events took place in Tibet since the 20th century by using the topographic maps, remote sensing images, Google Earth software, geomorphological characteristics records of GLOF's damage and in-situ investigations. The geographical positions of 23 glacial lakes outburst were accurately identified from the annotation of glacial lake name in topographic map, the name of gully or village where GLOF occurred, the name or morphological characteristics of supply glacier, the feature or remain of glacial lake and new findings by field investigation. Finally, some mistakes on GLOF comprehension were rectified. Specifically, the GLOF event happened in Dinggyê County on August 27, 1982 was caused by Yindapu Co Lake, not Jin Co Lake. And the break of Cuoga Lake, not Cila Co Lake resulted in the GLOF occurrence on July 29, 2009 in Banbar County.

中图分类号: 

  • P343.6