不同生计方式农户的碳足迹研究——以黑河流域中游张掖市为例

doi:10.11849/zrzyxb.2014.04.004

自然资源学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 587-597.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2014.04.004

不同生计方式农户的碳足迹研究——以黑河流域中游张掖市为例

侯彩霞, 赵雪雁, 文岩, 张亮, 张方圆

西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 兰州730070

收稿日期:2013-01-21 修回日期:2013-06-27 出版日期:2014-04-20 发布日期:2014-04-20
作者简介:侯彩霞（1986-），女, 山西长治人，硕士生，主要研究生态经济。E-mail：houcaixia1987@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(91125019，41361106，41061051)；教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-11-0910)；甘肃省高校基本科研业务费项目。

Different Subsistence Farmers, Carbon Footprint Research：A Case Study of City of Zhangye in Midstream of Heihe River Basin

HOU Cai-xia, ZHAO Xue-yan, WEN Yan, ZHANG Liang, ZHANG Fang-yuan

Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China

Received:2013-01-21 Revised:2013-06-27 Online:2014-04-20 Published:2014-04-20
Contact: 赵雪雁，女，教授，博士生导师，主要研究方向为生态经济。E-mail：xbzhaoxy@163.com E-mail:xbzhaoxy@163.com
About author:10.11849/zrzyxb.2014.04.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

大气中二氧化碳浓度的增加导致全球变暖，已经是不争的事实。虽然碳排放量大部分来自发达城市，但是由于中国农村人口占全国的一半以上，因此农户的碳排放对全球气候变化的影响也不容忽视。论文将二氧化碳的质量作为碳足迹的单位，以黑河流域中游张掖市为例，基于入户调查资料，测算了当地农户碳足迹，运用单因素分析法和Gini 系数分析了不同生计方式农户碳足迹的结构特点，并且运用最小二乘法分析了影响农户碳足迹的因素。得出以下结论：①张掖市农户碳足迹总量为1.63×10⁹ kgCO₂，人均碳足迹为2.14×10³ kgCO₂；②从碳足迹类型来看，农户的碳足迹主要来自于能源消费，其次是房屋建设，食物生产加工和交通运输所占比例最小；③从碳足迹内部结构来看，张掖市不同生计方式农户的碳足迹有较大差异，非农户的碳足迹最大，其次是兼业户，纯农户的最小；④从碳足迹占有量的公平性看，碳足迹占有量偏差最大的为交通运输，Gini系数为0.51，其次是能源利用，Gini系数为0.41，食物生产加工碳足迹占有量比较合理，Gini系数为0.35，房屋建设的碳足迹占有量高度平均，Gini系数仅为0.12；⑤人口数量、收入水平和非农化是影响碳足迹的主要因素，随着人口数量增大、收入水平的提高和非农化程度的加深，农户碳足迹在不断增加。

关键词: 碳足迹, 农户, 生计方式, 张掖市

Abstract:

It is now an indisputable fact that carbon dioxide gases cause global change. Although most of the carbon emissions come from the developed cities, as China's rural population accounts for more than half of the total population, effect of rural househoods' carbon emissions on the global climate change can not be ignored. This paper takes the quality of carbon dioxide as the unit of carbon footprint, meanwhile, takes farmers of Zhangye in the midstream of the Heihe River Basin, Gansu Province, as an example. Based on the household survey data, the carbon footprints of local farmers were estimated, in addition, single-factor analysis and the Gini coefficient were used to analyze the structural features of carbon footprint in different ways of living. Conclusions are as follows: 1) The total carbon footprints of the farmers in Zhangye is 1.63×10⁹ kg CO₂, and the per carbon footprints is 2.14×10³ kg CO₂. 2) From the types of carbon footprint consumption, farmers'carbon footprints mainly come from energy consumption, accounting for 83.70% , followed by housing construction, accounting for 13.50%, and then is the food production and processing, accounting for 1.89%, the last one is transportation, accounting for 0.91%. 3) From the view of the internal structure of the carbon footprint, there is great difference between the famers in Zhangye. Non-farmers'carbon footprint is the largest, followed by part-time farmers, the pure farmers' is the minimum. 4) Consider the fairness of carbon footprint possession, the largest deviation of carbon footprint possession is transportation, with Gini coefficient being 0.51; second one is the use of energy, with Gini coefficient of 0.41; carbon footprint possession of food production and processing is more reasonable, with Gini coefficient of 0.35; carbon footprint possession of housing construction is average with Gini coefficient being only 0.12. 5) Population, income levels and non-farm conversion are the main factors affecting the carbon footprint, with the increases of population and income levels, also the deepening of non-farm conversion, apparently, carbon footprint of farmers continues to increase.

Key words: way of living, carbon footprint, farmers, city of Zhangye

中图分类号:

F205

侯彩霞, 赵雪雁, 文岩, 张亮, 张方圆. 不同生计方式农户的碳足迹研究——以黑河流域中游张掖市为例[J]. 自然资源学报, 2014, 29(4): 587-597.

HOU Cai-xia, ZHAO Xue-yan, WEN Yan, ZHANG Liang, ZHANG Fang-yuan. Different Subsistence Farmers, Carbon Footprint Research：A Case Study of City of Zhangye in Midstream of Heihe River Basin[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2014, 29(4): 587-597.

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不同生计方式农户的碳足迹研究——以黑河流域中游张掖市为例

Different Subsistence Farmers, Carbon Footprint Research：A Case Study of City of Zhangye in Midstream of Heihe River Basin

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