森林植被对积雪分配及其消融影响研究综述

doi:10.11849/zrzyxb.2013.10.015

自然资源学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (10): 1808-1816.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2013.10.015

森林植被对积雪分配及其消融影响研究综述

王计平¹, 蔚奴平¹, 丁易², 郭仲军³, 赵玲⁴, 徐庆华⁵

1. 国家林业局盐碱地研究中心, 北京 100091;
2 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所, 北京 100091;
3. 新疆林业科学院森林生态所, 乌鲁木齐 830000;
4. 新疆林业规划设计院, 乌鲁木齐 830001;
5. 北京林大资产经营有限公司, 北京 100083

收稿日期:2012-07-02 修回日期:2013-01-16 出版日期:2013-10-20 发布日期:2013-10-20
作者简介:王计平(1978- ),男,山西保德人,助研,博士,主要研究植被恢复、景观生态格局优化与过程模拟研究。E-mail:wjp_gis@163.com
基金资助:
国家"十二五"科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD22B03);国家自然科学基金项目(31100514);林业公益性行业科研专项(201004058)。

Effects of Forest Vegetation on Snow Distribution and Ablation:An Overview

WANG Ji-ping¹, WEI Nu-ping¹, DING Yi², GUO Zhong-jun³, ZHAO Ling⁴, XU Qing-hua⁵

1. Research Center of Saline and Alkali Land of State Forestry Administration, Beijing 100091, China;
2. Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, CAF, Beijing 100091, China;
3. Institute of Forest Ecology, Xinjiang Forestry Academy, Urumqi 830000, China;
4. Xinjiang Institute of Forestry Planning and Designing, Urumqi 830001, China;
5. Beijing Linda Property Management Co. Ltd, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2012-07-02 Revised:2013-01-16 Online:2013-10-20 Published:2013-10-20
Contact: 丁易,E-mail: ydingcaf@gmail.com E-mail:ydingcaf@gmail.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 积雪和融雪作为对北方流域水文与生态具有贡献意义的两个地表过程,与森林植被有着十分紧密的联系。森林植被通过地表遮荫、林冠截留、改变风场格局等方式来改变林区地表积雪分配格局,同时可通过改变林区太阳辐射收支平衡、地表粗糙程度等影响地表融雪速率及其时空分异。在分析积、融雪变量与森林植被相互关系以及总结国内外研究现状的基础上,从林冠几何、林木空间分布、植被类型、森林经营活动等方面归纳了影响积雪分配及其消融速率的主要因素,概括了当前研究面临的主要问题,并提出未来研究的方向和重点。以期为今后林雪关系、雪水文过程研究提供有力参考。

关键词: 森林植被, 融雪, 雪水当量, 积雪

Abstract: In arid and semi-arid regions, snow accumulation and ablation have been considered as two land surface processes contributing to inland watershed hydrology and ecology, and have a very close relationship with forest vegetation. Forest structure can not only dramatically modify the ways of snow distribution by snowfall interception, but also affects the processes of snowmelt by altering the snowpack energy balance. In semi-arid mountain watersheds, the pattern of snow deposition and melt is largely a function of exposure or shelter by vegetation cover, leading to spatial differentiation of snow water equivalent in snow cover area. Forest vegetation effects on snow distribution and ablation are multi-factorial and of multi-scale. Studies on the effects of forest to snow redistribution and snow ablation are important to deepen the understanding of relationship between the snow and forest and snow hydrological process. By literature review, this paper explains the amount of snow accumulation, snow-melting rates and their relationship with the forest vegetation, summarizes major research progresses in this field, introduces the main factors affecting from several aspects: canopy geometry, the distribution of trees, forest vegetation types and forest management activities, and so on. The main problems in related researches were also pointed out in present paper. For example, the spatial structure quantification of forest vegetation, scale issues in snow hydrological processes, and complexity of snow accumulation and ablation simulation. Finally, research trends and research priorities are presented. The goal of this paper aims to better understand the hydrological and landscape ecological significance of influence relation between forest vegetation patterns and snow distribution.

Key words: snow accumulation, snowmelt, snow water equivalent (SWE), forest cover

中图分类号:

S715

王计平, 蔚奴平, 丁易, 郭仲军, 赵玲, 徐庆华. 森林植被对积雪分配及其消融影响研究综述[J]. 自然资源学报, 2013, 28(10): 1808-1816.

WANG Ji-ping, WEI Nu-ping, DING Yi, GUO Zhong-jun, ZHAO Ling, XU Qing-hua. Effects of Forest Vegetation on Snow Distribution and Ablation:An Overview[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2013, 28(10): 1808-1816.

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森林植被对积雪分配及其消融影响研究综述

Effects of Forest Vegetation on Snow Distribution and Ablation:An Overview

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