福建省梅花山国家级自然保护区公共管理研究

doi:10.11849/zrzyxb.2013.10.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 自然保护区的建立对改善区域生态环境、保护生物多样性、维护国家生态安全具有重要作用,如何有效管理自然保护区是当前自然保护区决策者、社区和研究者共同关注的问题。利用问卷调查法、专家咨询法和利益相关者分析法等,对福建省梅花山国家级自然保护区管理中的利益相关者进行分析,从公共管理框架设计和模式选择等方面探讨福建省梅花山国家级自然保护区的公共管理。研究结果表明,福建省梅花山国家级自然保护区管理中的利益相关者分为核心层、紧密层和外围层,其中核心层的利益相关者为政府、当地社区、非政府组织、企业与旅游公司,对福建省梅花山国家级自然保护区管理具有重要作用;政府具有高影响力、低利益/高公益,追求生态效益;当地社区为高影响力、高利益,追求经济效益;非政府组织具有低影响力、高公益,追求社会效益;企业与旅游公司具有低影响力、高利益,追求经济效益。基于利益相关者分析,围绕生态、社会和经济效益,进行福建省梅花山国家级自然保护区公共管理的框架设计和模式选择。福建省梅花山国家级自然保护区生态效益的管理采取政府主导型,社会效益的管理采取政府指导下的非政府组织管理型,经济效益的管理采取政府指导下的企业与旅游公司管理型以及社区共同管理型。

关键词: 福建省梅花山, 公共管理, 自然保护区, 问卷调查, 利益相关者分析方法

Abstract: The establishment of nature reserves plays an important role to improve regional ecological environment, protect biodiversity and safeguard national ecological security, so how to effectively manage nature reserves is a common concern of the nature reserve decision-maker, community and researchers. Using some methods such as questionnaire investigation, experts consultation and stakeholder analysis, this paper analyze management stake-holder of Meihuashan National Nature Reserve and explores the public administration research on Fujian Meihuashan National Nature Reserve from public administration frame design and mode selection. The research results showed that the stake-holder was classified into core layer, compact layer and peripheral layer, the stake-holder of core layer includes government, local community, non-government organizations, enterprise and tourism company which has an important role in the management of Meihuashan National Nature Reserve. The government has high influence, low interests/high public welfare and pursues ecological benefit. The local community has high influence, high interests and pursues economic benefit. The non-government organizations have low influence, high public welfare and pursues social benefit. The enterprise and tourism company have low influence, high interests and pursue economic benefit. According to stake-holder analysis, centering around ecological, social and economic benefits, the frame design and mode selection of public administration research on Fujian Meihuashan National Nature Reserve was carried out, the government is mainly responsible for managing ecological benefit of Fujian Meihuashan National Nature Reserve, the non-government organizations manage the social benefit under the guidance of government, and the enterprise, tourism company and community jointly manage the economic benefit under the guidance of government.

Key words: questionnaire investigation, nature reserve, public administration, methodology of stakeholder analysis, Fujian Meihuashan

中图分类号:

S759.9

陈传明. 福建省梅花山国家级自然保护区公共管理研究[J]. 自然资源学报, 2013, 28(10): 1674-1684.

CHEN Chuan-ming. Study on Public Administration of Meihuashan National Nature Reserve in Fujian[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2013, 28(10): 1674-1684.

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