旅游诱导下乡村能源消费模式转型与综合效益评估——六盘山旅游扶贫试验区的案例实证

doi:10.11849/zrzyxb.2013.06.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

乡村旅游已成为推动中国乡村转型和促进能源消费模式转变的重要动力之一。论文以六盘山国家旅游扶贫试验区为案例,研究了旅游扶贫工程实施后农户家庭能源消费模式转型及其效益变化。结果表明:在农户家庭能源消费由"生活-生产系统"向"生活-旅游系统"的转变过程中,能源利用综合效益显著提升,在促进区域社会经济发展和生态环境改善中发挥着重大的作用。相对于传统农户,乡村旅游农户单位能源产出的经济效益(4.53元/kgce)提高2.86倍,同时实现了生态效益0.11元/kgce和社会效益1.09元/kgce的显著提升。研究也发现,有鉴于乡村旅游能源消费在乡村具有广泛的示范性,这种基于大量商品能源输入的能源消费模式不应是乡村能源消费和旅游业发展所应倡导的,也有悖于国家农村能源政策导向。因此,在乡村旅游发展中,应在充分利用当地既有能源基础上,进一步挖掘生物质能(主要是沼气)和太阳能的潜力,建立以新型能源为主体、传统生物质能和商品能源为辅的能源消费模式。

关键词: 农村能源消费模式, 综合效益, 核算评估, 乡村旅游

Abstract:

Rural tourism has become one of the important driving forces to the rural energy consumption patterns transition in China. Studies on the rural energy consumption transition and benefit evaluation induced by tourism provide a basis for design policy on energy strategies for rural tourism and sustainable development of rural tourism. Taking Liupan Mountain Pro-poor Tourism Experimental Region as the case study, using various investigation methods including participant observation, participatory rural appraisal, interviews, and questionnaires, this paper examines the energy consumption of rural tourism households and traditional households, and assesses the overall efficiency of the energy consumption patterns of rural tourism. Results show that the poverty reduction project has played a significant role in promoting the socio-economic development and eco-environment improvement. The total energy consumption per household of rural tourism households is 3409.43 kgce, and it is 42.67% higher than traditional households. In energy consumption structure, commercial energy is dominant in the rural tourism households, new energy (solar energy) is widely used, the proportion of traditional energy is decreased. The three ratio of rural tourism households is 93:5:2, and that of traditional households is 46.30:0.48:53.22. It also has changed the traditional energy consumption patterns and the existing pattern of "poverty life-energy shortages-environmental degradation". Compared to traditional households, the economic benefit of rural tourism households is 4.53 yuan/kgce and increases by 2.86 times, while the ecological benefit of 0.11 yuan/kgce and social benefit of 1.09 yuan/kgce have significantly improved. The study also found that in view of the extensive demonstrativeness of the rural tourism energy consumption in the poor areas, this kind of energy consumption patterns based on the large-scale input of the external traditional commercial energy should not be advocated by rural energy consumption and tourism development, and is contrary to the national rural energy policy orientation. Therefore, in rural tourism development process, based on making full use of local energy, combined with the tourism development features of humanity excrement increasing greatly, we should tap further the utilization potential of solar energy and biomass energy (biogas), and establish new energy consumption pattern predominated by new energy and supplemented by traditional biomass and commercial energy.

Key words: rural energy consumption pattern, comprehensive benefit, accounting and assessment, rural tourism

中图分类号:

F323.214

席建超, 赵美风, 李连璞, 陈鹏. 旅游诱导下乡村能源消费模式转型与综合效益评估——六盘山旅游扶贫试验区的案例实证[J]. 自然资源学报, 2013, 28(6): 898-910.

XI Jian-chao, ZHAO Mei-feng, LI Lian-pu, CHEN Peng. Study on the Rural Energy Consumption Transition and Benefit Evaluation Induced by Tourism：A Case Study of Liupan Mountain Pro-poor Tourism Experimental Region[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2013, 28(6): 898-910.

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