自然资源学报

自然资源学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (3): 437-449.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2013.03.009

• 资源评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

土地利用变化的水土资源平衡效应研究——以西辽河流域为例

杨艳昭1, 张伟科2,1, 封志明1, 刘东3   

  1. 1. 中国科学院 地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101;
    2. 邯郸学院 地理与旅游系, 河北 邯郸 056005;
    3. 中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2012-02-03 修回日期:2012-06-15 出版日期:2013-03-20 发布日期:2013-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 张伟科,博士后,讲师。E-mail:zwkwz@126.com E-mail:zwkwz@126.com
  • 作者简介:杨艳昭(1977-),辽宁朝阳人,博士,副研究员,主要从事区域水土资源可持续利用与区域可持续发展研究。E-mail:yangyz@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(41271541,41101553)。

Land Use Change Induced Land and Water Resources Balance——A Case Study on the Xiliaohe Watershed

YANG Yan-zhao1, ZHANG Wei-ke2,1, FENG Zhi-ming1, LIU Dong3   

  1. 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
    2. Handan College, Handan 056005, China;
    3. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2012-02-03 Revised:2012-06-15 Online:2013-03-20 Published:2013-03-20

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摘要：

北方农牧交错带作为我国传统农区与牧区的交汇和过渡地带,是我国东、中部地区的重要生态屏障地区。选取北方农牧交错带东缘的西辽河流域为案例区,运用遥感、地理信息系统等方法,构建水分亏缺模型,定量计算了西辽河流域不同土地利用情景下的水分亏缺态势,揭示了北方农牧交错带土地利用变化的水土资源平衡效应,研究表明:①1995-2005年,西辽河流域土地利用整体特征未发生重大改变,土地利用表现为耕地面积有所增加、草地面积相对减少的局面;②西辽河流域水土资源平衡总体呈现中度水分亏缺的特征,亏水量较大的区域相对集中在西辽河冲积平原中部地区;③1995-2005年10 a间的土地利用变化使得西辽河流域严重缺水地区面积增加1/4,水分亏缺态势进一步加剧。

关键词: 土地利用/覆被变化, 水土资源平衡, 北方农牧交错带

Abstract:

As the intersection area and transitional zone of agriculture and animal husbandry, farming-pastoral zone of northern China is the important ecological barrier for east and central China. In recent years, so many land and water resources have been developed and used that the ecological environment was deteriorated. Land desertification, salinization and other ecological and environmental problems become increasingly severe. For investigating the matching degree of regional land and water resources and promoting sustainable utilization of them, this paper performed a study on land use and water balance over the farming-pastoral zone of northern China during the period from 1995 to 2005. By applying the methods of quantitative statistic, geographic spatial analysis, model building, remote sensing interpretation and GIS technology, this paper took the Xiliaohe watershed which is located in the east of farming-pastoral zone of northern China as a case study area to interpret the Landsat TM images in 1995 and 2005, and to quantitatively analyze the spatio-temporal variation trends and characteristics of land use change during the recent 10 years; building water balance models to calculate the amount of water balance at different periods of time and further to reveal the spatio-temporal distribution of water balance with different land use types at different stages in the farming-pastoral zone of northern China; finally we established the index of water deficit model to comprehensively assess the effects of land use change on water balance. The results showed that: 1) from 1995 to 2005, the whole characteristics of land use did not change, generally, the situation of land use was farmland area increased and grassland area reduced. 2) The main feature of land use and water balance was moderately water deficit. The extremely water deficit areas relatively concentrated in the central Xiliaohe alluvial plain. 3) The land use and cover change made the water deficit situation further intensified in the Xiliaohe watershed from 1995 to 2005. The seriously water deficit area increased by 25%.

Key words: LUCC, land and water resources balance, farming-pastoral zone of northern China

中图分类号: 

  • F323.2