自然资源学报

自然资源学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (3): 522-528.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2012.03.018

• 专题论坛 • 上一篇    

渔业配额制度的起源、特点及展望

白洋   

  1. 山东理工大学 法学院, 山东 淄博 255049
  • 收稿日期:2011-05-09 修回日期:2011-09-02 出版日期:2012-03-20 发布日期:2012-03-20
  • 作者简介:白洋(1981- ),男,山东博山人,讲师,博士,主要研究环境与资源保护法学。E-mail:by8119@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家社科基金青年资助项目(11CFX041)。

The Origin, Characteristics and Prospect of Fishing Quota Legal System

BAI Yang   

  1. Law School, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China
  • Received:2011-05-09 Revised:2011-09-02 Online:2012-03-20 Published:2012-03-20

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被引次数

40 | 1

摘要： 渔业配额制度是在渔业资源过度捕捞所导致的渔业危机和传统的投入控制管理失效的历史背景下,基于渔业资源生态特性而构建的一种产出控制的渔业管理模式。它是在总可捕量基础上发展起来的,并在冰岛、 新西兰等国家得以成功实施。该制度具有专属性、 可转让性、 激励性等外在法律特征。学者对于配额制度的法律特性持不同观点,认同其准物权的特性是主流观点。资源的生物特性以及制度的实质内涵告诉我们,无论是国际配额还是国内配额,制度要想取得实效,必须牢牢遵循不得超越总可捕量的共同义务这一要旨,通过落实有限准入、 加强监管等多种手段来保障这种共同义务的履行,才能实现资源的永续利用。

关键词: 渔业配额, 渔业管理, 总可捕量

Abstract: Fishing quota legal system is an output control management based on ecological characteristics of fisheries resources, which the historical background is over-fishing and input control management failed. It is the development basis for TAC (total allowable catch), and is successfully implemented in Iceland and New Zealand. The system is exclusive, sustainable, transferable and incentive in the layer of law. Scholars have different views for the legal characteristics of quotas, of which the quasi-property was approved by majority. Its resources attribute essentially decides the quotas system which is a common duty that cannot overpass the total allowable catch. Through the implementation of a limited access, deepening international cooperation and strengthening the supervision means, we could secure mutual obligations, and then realize the sustainable utilization of resources.

Key words: fishing quota, fishing management, total allowable catch

中图分类号: 

  • S937