城市物质能量代谢相关研究述评——兼论资源代谢的内涵与研究方法

doi:10.11849/zrzyxb.2011.10.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 物质能量代谢分析已成为城市生态系统研究的一个重要视角与工具。论文在对当前各种代谢概念与方法进行系统梳理和分析的基础上,借鉴资源科学相关研究的最新成果,重新整合城市代谢相关的研究内容和分析边界,将物质能量代谢概念拓展为资源代谢的概念,试图涵盖物质性资源和非物质性资源、能量性和非能量性资源,并引入资源来解决城市资源代谢的生态统一核算问题,实现资源稀缺性和有用性的有效度量。此外,引入资源流过程分析特别是网络分析的方法,可打破传统代谢研究"灰箱"分析的局限,实现资源流在系统内部流动的代谢路径跟踪,实现城市生态系统结构化与网络化的深度分析,从而完善城市代谢研究的理论与方法体系。

关键词: 城市生态系统, 代谢分析, 资源, 资源流

Abstract: Metabolism analysis is one of the important perspectives and tools for urban ecosystem research. Conducted in this paper is a critical review on research of urban metabolism with regard to concepts and methods. Currently, the metabolism concept associated with urban ecosystem are consisted of social metabolism, urban metabolism, industrial metabolism, as well as energy metabolism and ecological energetic metabolism, connotation and denotation of which are both overlapped and varied. In addition to the diverse research purpose, the lacking of unified accounting method is the real reason for the varied metabolism concepts and frameworks to some extent. In fact, the available framework of urban metabolism has only paid attentions to physical resource, while ignoring non-physical resources such as solar energy, wind power and information. However, the new developments in resources sciences, i.e., resource flow, network analysis and exergy accounting provide new ideas and methodology assistance for solving the problems in urban metabolism analysis. Therefore, a new concept of resource metabolism was put forward, which extends the research content and systematic boundary, including material resources and non-material resources, energetic resources and non-energetic resources. In definition, the concept of urban resource metabolism can be regarded as the process of resource consumption and waste generation of the cities for some time, and the process of the quality degradation of flows of the material and energy, which is necessary input for maintain the basic urban structures and functions. In addition, the exergy method was suggested to be introduced to solve the unified accounting problem and quantify the availability and scarcity of resources. Furthermore, the resource flow analysis tools as ecological network analysis method can also be incorporated to trace the metabolism route, hoping to change the traditional grey mode commonly used in metabolism analysis. This newly concept of resource metabolism and corresponding method would provide new integrate analyzing framework for urban ecosystem research. Nevertheless, it is just a primary concept and framework on resources metabolism, in-depth analysis and case studies are badly needed in near future to perfect and verify the conceived theory system.

Key words: urban ecosystem, metabolism analysis, resource exergy, resource flow

中图分类号:

X171.1

张力小, 胡秋红. 城市物质能量代谢相关研究述评——兼论资源代谢的内涵与研究方法[J]. 自然资源学报, 2011, 26(10): 1801-1810.

ZHANG Li-xiao, HU Qiu-hong. A Critical Review on Material and Energetic Metabolism for Urban Ecosystem: Resource Metabolism and Its Contents[J]. JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES, 2011, 26(10): 1801-1810.

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