自然资源学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (10): 1680-1693.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2011.10.005

• 资源生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

三峡水库初期蓄水对消落带植被及物种多样性的影响

王强1,2, 袁兴中1,2, 刘红1, 张跃伟1,2, 陈忠礼1,2, 李波1,2   

  1. 1. 重庆大学 资源及环境科学学院,重庆 400030;
    2. 西南资源开发及环境灾害控制工程教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400030
  • 收稿日期:2011-01-04 修回日期:2011-03-18 出版日期:2011-10-20 发布日期:2011-10-20
  • 通讯作者: 袁兴中(1963- ),男,四川万源人,教授、博士生导师,主要从事河流及湿地生态研究。E-mail:xzyuan63@yahoo.com.cn E-mail:xzyuan63@yahoo.com.cn
  • 作者简介:王强(1984- ),男,四川江油人,博士研究生,主要从事环境生态学研究。E-mail:wqabso@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目(50749045);国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2006BAJ08B01)。

Effect of Initial Impoundment on the Vegetation and Species Diversity in Water-level Fluctuation Zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir

WANG Qiang1,2, YUAN Xing-zhong1,2, LIU Hong1, ZHANG Yue-wei1,2, CHEN Zhong-li1,2, LI Bo1,2   

  1. 1. College of Resource and Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Southwest Resource Exploitation and Environmental Disaster Controlling Project, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400030, China
  • Received:2011-01-04 Revised:2011-03-18 Online:2011-10-20 Published:2011-10-20

摘要: 通过对173 m蓄水后三峡水库消落带内植物群落的调查,运用CCA法对消落带植物群落进行排序,研究了消落带植物群落特征和物种多样性格局,分析了消落带植被的变化及其环境解释。结果表明:三峡库区消落带共记录58科175种植物。狗尾草、马唐、小蓬草、狼杷草、稗、酸模叶蓼、苍耳、双穗雀稗、狗牙根等为优势种。一年生植物为消落带优势生活型。共记录54个群落类型,其中灌丛群落5个,草本植物群落49个。CCA排序表明,三峡水库消落带植物主要分布在坡度平缓、底质较细、高程较高的消落带上部区域。在消落带内,物种多样性和一年生植物比例随高程上升而增加。消落带植物组成特征和物种多样性格局与水淹干扰强度在空间上的变化一致。长期的冬季水淹、剧烈的水位变动以及退水季节的高温伏旱等环境因素是影响消落带植被组成的重要因素。

关键词: 三峡水库, 消落带, 植物群落, 生物多样性, 水文情势, 典范对应分析(CCA)

Abstract: Based on the vegetation survey of 14 sampling sites in water-level fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir, the vegetation characteristic and species diversity after flooding to 173 m were reported. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was used to explore the environmental interpretation of vegetation variation. The result showed that there were 175 species of 58 families in the water-level fluctuation zone. Setaria viridis, Conyza Canadensis, Bidens tripartita, Paspalum thunbergii, Polygonum lapathifolium, Xanthium sibiricum, Paspalum paspaloides, Cynodon dactylon and Digitaria spp. were the dominant vascular plants. Therophytes were the most abundant life form with 84 species. There were 54 vegetation community types, including 5 shrub and 49 herb associations. The results of CCA reflected that vegetation predominantly disturbed in the upper area with low slope and fine substratum. Species diversity and annual taxa increased as elevation rose which reflected the influence of submerged gradient. Long-term winter flooding, enormous water magnitude and summer drought were the important reasons for the vegetation composition.

Key words: Three Gorges Reservoir, water-level fluctuation zone, plant community, biodiversity, hydrographic regime, canonical correspondence analysis (CCA)

中图分类号: 

  • Q145