自然资源学报

自然资源学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (9): 1592-1602.doi: 10.11849/zrzyxb.2011.09.015

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云南部分烟区替代进口烟叶烤烟种植的气候论证

黄中艳1, 孔光辉2, 倪霞3, 邓建华2, 张如阳4   

  1. 1. 云南省气候中心,昆明 650034;
    2. 云南省烟草农业科学研究院,云南 玉溪 653100;
    3. 云南省烟草公司昭通市公司,云南 昭通657000;
    4. 云南省烟草公司普洱市公司,云南 普洱 665000
  • 收稿日期:2010-07-21 修回日期:2011-01-21 出版日期:2011-09-20 发布日期:2011-09-20
  • 作者简介:黄中艳(1964- ),男(壮族),广西横县人,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事农业气象与气候应用研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学联合资助基金项目(U0833602);云南省烟草专卖局2007重点项目(07A27)。

Climate Verification for Tobacco Planting in Parts of Yunnan Based on Comparison with Foreign High-quality Tobacco

HUANG Zhong-yan1, KONG Guang-hui2, NI Xia3, DENG Jian-hua2, ZHANG Ru-yang4   

  1. 1. Yunnan Provincial Climate Center, Kunming 650034, China;
    2. ;
    3. Zhaotong Branch Office of Yunnan Tobacco Company, Zhaotong 657000, China;
    4. Puer Branch Office of Yunnan Tobacco Company, Puer 665000, China
  • Received:2010-07-21 Revised:2011-01-21 Online:2011-09-20 Published:2011-09-20

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24 | 4

摘要： 基于云南部分植烟地、津巴布韦多年烟叶品质和气象数据,应用对比分析和系统聚类法研究了烤烟化学品质、评吸质量和致香物质含量与气象条件的关系。结果表明,烟叶5种化学品质类型对烤烟大田生长期气象条件的要求明显不同,烤烟成熟期气象要素对烟叶品质影响突出;烟叶主要化学品质指标、致香成分含量对评吸质量的影响既有一致性,也有差异性;云南烟区若大田生长中后期(尤其成熟期)日照偏少、雨量偏多,可引起某些主要化学成分含量比例失衡,降低多数致香物质成分含量,而有利于少数致香物质成分积累,从而导致烟叶评吸质量下降,尤其影响烟叶香气质和香气量评分。云南在气候上可出产类似津巴布韦优质烟叶的地域较少,宜在大田中后期日照较多、雨量偏少、气温适当较高的气候区中选择替代进口烟叶烤烟种植基地。

关键词: 烤烟种植, 烟叶品质, 气候论证, 系统聚类, 云南

Abstract: Based on data of tobacco quality and meteorological observation for Zimbabwe tobacco-planting area and eight places in Yunnan, contrastive analysis and hierarchical clustering method are used to investigate the relationships between meteorological conditions and chemical quality for main components, smoking quality of tobacco leaves as well as the contents of its flavor matter. The results showed that five chemical quality types of tobacco leaves had different requirements for meteorological conditions during tobacco field growing stage. And the climatic conditions of mature period for tobacco leaves affected the quality forming of tobacco significantly. Meanwhile, the influence of content indices for primary chemical components and flavor matters on smoking quality evaluation of flue-tobacco had both consistency and difference. In Yunnan’s tobacco-planting belt, if there are less sunshine duration and abundant rain from intermediate to final growth phase during tobacco field growing stage (especially mature period for tobacco leaves), some ratios of major chemical components for tobacco would be unbalanced, and the contents of a great number of flavor matters would decrease while minority flavor matters increased, which would result in the downgrade of smoking quality for tobacco leaves particularly, the quality and volume of aroma would be severely affected. Climatically, there are less areas similar to one of Zimbabwe that can produce high quality tobacco leaves in Yunnan. In order to get the tobacco leaves similar to foreign high-quality tobacco, homologous cultivation bases should be selected from the areas where sunshine is sufficient, rainfall is relatively less and temperature appropriately higher from intermediate to final growth phase during tobacco field growing stage.

Key words: flue-cured tobacco planting, quality of tobacco leaf, climate verification, hierarchical clustering, Yunnan

中图分类号: 

  • S162